Monkey D. Luffy

Monkey D. Luffy (モンキー・D・ルフィ, Monkī D. Rufi), also well-known as "Straw Hat" Luffy (麦わらのルフィ, Mugiwara no Rufi) and commonly as "Straw Hat" (麦わら, Mugiwara), is both a fictional character and one of the main protagonists of the One Piece series. He is the founder and captain of the increasingly infamous and powerful Straw Hat Pirates, as well as the first member of the crew, and one of its top four fighters. Luffy was created by Eiichiro Oda made his debut in One Piece chapter #1 and episode #1 as a young boy who acquires the properties of rubber after inadvertently eating the supernatural Devil Fruit called the Gum-Gum Fruit.

He sails from the Sea of the East Blue to the Grand Line to accomplish his lifelong dream is to succeed the late captain of the Roger Pirates, Gol D. Roger as the new King of the Pirates, by finding the legendary treasure that was left behind by the late King of the Pirates Roger. He believes that being King of the Pirates means having the most freedom in the world. Luffy, captain of the Straw Hat Pirates, recruits crew members, fights antagonists, and aids and befriends the inhabitants of several islands during his journey. Usually cheerful, he becomes serious when he fights. Luffy uses his elasticity to concentrate his power, executing a range of attacks. In his signature attack, Gum-Gum Pistol, he slingshots punches at opponents from a distance.

Luffy appears in most of the episodes, films, television specials, and OVAs of the manga's anime adaptations and several of the franchise's video games. Due to the series' international popularity, Luffy has become one of the world's most known and recognizable anime characters. In addition to the One Piece franchise, the character has appeared in a number of manga and anime series and collaborative video games. His critical reception has been largely positive

"My name is Luffy, and I'm going to be King of the Pirates!"
 * —Monkey D. Luffy.

Appearance & Biography

 * Voice Actor: Colleen Clinkenbeard (English), Mayumi Tanaka (Japanese), Not Known (Brazilian), Not Known (Chinese), Not Known (Dutch), Not Known (Finnish), Not Known (French), Not Known (German), Not Known (Italian), Not Known (Hebrew), Not Known (Hungarian), Not Known (Finnish), Not Known (Korean), Not Known (Norwegian), Not Known (Polish), Not Known (Romanian), Not Known (Russian), Not Known (Poland), Not Known (Portuguese), Not Known (Serbian), Not Known (Spanish), Not Known (Swedish), Not Known (Thai), Not Known (Brazilian Portuguese), Not Known (European Spanish), Not Known (European Portuguese), Not Known (Latin American Spanish), Not Known (Latin Spanish)

Biography
Captain of the Straw Hat Pirates. With a dream in his heart, Luffy Sails the open seas! He'll gladly risk his own life for his friends and Beliefs! He ate a Paramythia Devil Fruit, “Gum-Gum Fruit”, he became a rubber human and with these abilities, his entire body can stretch and expand like rubber.

Raised with his sworn brother Ace in Windmill Village of the East Blue. To fulfill his promise to his father and the famous pirate, Monkey D. Rex, and to achieve his goal is to find the One Piece and become King of the Pirates, he set out for sea. After the Battle of Marineford, he apprenticed and trained for 2 years under Silvers Rayleigh and learned how to use the 3 Haki at will.

With the crew he has met during his adventures at sea, he sets out for the Grand Line. His weaknesses are that he can’t swim due to the side effects of the Devil Fruit and that he is easily deceived. His favorite food is meat.

Appearance
Luffy is renowned for his trademark straw hat (from which he gets his alias and nickname "Straw Hat" Luffy), which was lent over to him when he was young by the legendary pirate captain, "Red-Haired" Shanks, who in turn had received it from Gol D. Roger. He wears short, blue trousers with cuffs, sandals, and a sleeveless red vest. Luffy also has a scar with two stitches underneath his left eye (which he earned by stabbing a knife under his eye to show his father and Shanks that he was tough), short, messy black hair and black eyes. Appearing to be scrawny underneath his shirt, he has a surprisingly well-built physique. He is quite short since he appears dwarfed by most individuals in the series (though it must be noted that characters in One Piece are often very tall for real life standards).

Pre-Timeskip
Similar to most of his male crewmates, Luffy always has the same outfit throughout most of the series, as opposed to the rest of the crew (especially with both Nami and Nico Robin), who changes rather quite frequently. Luffy may wear a different outfit to suit the climate of an island (like a hooded parka on Drum Island or desert robes in Alabasta), but will switch back to his trademark red vest and blue shorts after the adventures on that island are over. Despite this, he will wear his usual outfit in different colors and has been known to sport other miscellaneous items on his person from time to time.

No matter where he is, Luffy wears his Straw Hat through absolutely everything, though at the start, the hat was prone to getting knocked off his head easily, forcing Luffy to either put it aside or have someone hold onto it during fights. From the Alabasta Arc onward, he has gotten a string strap for it, which was sewn on by Nami, allowing the hat to hang from his neck during fights.

During his return to Marineford to give a silent prayer, Luffy was briefly shown with four characters written on his right arm spelling 3D 2Y, with the 3D crossed out to symbolize that the Straw Hat Pirates and Fairy Tail should meet up in 2 years (2Y) rather than the 3 days (3D) as planned after fleeing from Bartholomew Kuma.

Outfits

 * During the Drum Island Arc, he wore two parkas, the first being a dark red parka with fur on the cuffs, hood, and hem, and then a checkered, hooded parka with the colors white, orange and bright yellow, which Nami wore in the beginning.


 * During the Alabasta Arc, he wore desert robes consisting of a dark red robe with three white rings decorated along both of the sleeves and a light blue wrap over his head.


 * During the Skypiea Arc, he wore a black wristband around his left wrist with a white bangle over it.


 * During the Long Ring Long Land Arc, Luffy wore an afro on his head, dark red shorts, and red bandages on his feet, getting an image of a blue flaming skull and crossbones painted on his chest as well, when he was fighting Foxy.


 * During the Enies Lobby Arc, he wore black shorts which had more pockets than his blue shorts (However, Luffy noted that he couldn't fit his meat in them.).


 * During the Post-Enies Lobby Arc, Luffy wore a white T-shirt with the Galley-La Company emblem on it in red; red liners around the top, shoulders, and collar; and navy blue shorts.


 * During the Thriller Bark Arc, he wore an orange vest and red shorts. After the battle against Moria in Thriller Bark, Luffy wore a dark decorated, jewelled armband around his left bicep, given to him by Nami. This armband was later revealed to be a map that leads to Captain John's lost treasure, which Buggy sought for some time - leading to Luffy handing the armband in for Buggy in exchange for his services at helping him navigate through Impel Down.


 * During the Sabaody Archipelago Arc, in the manga he wore a blue vest, and with dark blue shorts.


 * During the Amazon Lily Arc, Luffy wore a light blue vest with red shorts.


 * During the Impel Down Arc, Luffy wore his outfit from his stay on Amazon Lily until after his fight with Magellan, at which point he replaced his light blue vest with a bright yellow vest given to him by Inazuma.

Post-Timeskip
After those two years, only a few things have changed. Luffy now wears an open up, long-sleeved red cardigan with four buttons (which shows the X-shaped scar covering most of his chest he received by then-Admiral Akainu, similar scar his father has), with a yellow sash tied around his waist, somewhat reminiscent of Gol D. Roger's outfit. He has grown slightly taller, and is shown to be significantly more muscular due to his training. This can be seen in his slightly thicker neck, more pronounced deltoids, and better-defined chest.

Outfits

 * During the Punk Hazard Arc, Luffy wore a long winter coat with red and white horizontal strips, along with yellow ear muffs, which he stole from one of Brownbeard's Centaur Patrol Unit.


 * During the Dressrosa Arc, Luffy wore an open, short-sleeved shirt with a sunflower pattern, along with his standard blue shorts and yellow sash. He also wore a fake beard. Upon entering the tournament for the Flame-Flame Fruit in the Corrida Colosseum, he wore viking-style armor, complete with a sword and shield, until it was stripped from him due to violation of the weight restriction. Upon revision to the weight restriction, he added a cape and wore the same viking style helmet he wore previously. Along with his registration number '0556' on the back of his shirt, obscured by his cape. When he recovered after his battle against Doflamingo, Luffy wore a red tank top along with his standard shorts in brown.


 * During the Totto Land Arc, Luffy wore an open, fancy white cardigan with puffy sleeves along with his standard shorts in red. He also had a decorative scarf wrapped around his straw hat after landing at the Seducing Woods, though he appears to have lost it during his battle with Charlotte Cracker. These clothes were eventually torn to shreds after several battles and he later dons a new outfit to meet with Capone Bege; a red suit jacket with a black shirt and a red ascot along with red formal shorts. He also fitted a black fedora to the top of his straw hat.


 * During the Wano Country Arc, Luffy wore a dark kimono with topknot on the top of his hair. He borrowed Nidai Kitetsu.


 * Hair Color: Not Known
 * Skin Color: Not Known
 * Eye Color: Not Known
 * Age: Not Known
 * Birthday: Not Known
 * Height: Not Known
 * Weight: Not Known

Background
Luffy has a worldwide reputation for causing trouble, challenging the Seven Warlords of the Sea, the Marines, and even the Four Emperors, additionally committing felonies and actions which were deemed threatening by the World Government. Furthermore, in the majority of these confrontations, he has emerged as the victor. He has gained a reputation for being "reckless" and, in some cases, "insane", after causing an incident in Enies Lobby, assaulting a World Noble at Sabaody Archipelago, entering and escaping from Impel Down (while indirectly causing a large-scale riot in the process), and joining the Battle of Marineford. He is, therefore, infamous for being the only known pirate to not only deliberately attack the three most important government facilities, but also escape from all of them alive. The additional fact that he punched a World Noble with full knowledge of the consequences, as well as his blod heritage, has caused Luffy to be labeled as a "Dangerous Future Element", earning the wrath of Fleet Admirals, making the Marines among his greatest enemies.

At the beginning of the Reverie Arc, Luffy's achievements were compiled, greatly inflating his infamy, which was already immense to begin with. This includes his relationship as the son of the Revolutionary Army's commander, Monkey D. Dragon, the grandson of the famed Marine hero, Monkey D. Garp, the sworn younger brother of to both the late commander of the second division of the Whitebeard Pirates and the son of Gol D. Roger, "Fire Fist" Portgas D. Ace, and Revolutionary chief of staff Sabo; the fleet that unofficially formed under him; the infiltration operation of Big Mom's territory, Totto Land, where he defeated Sweet Commanders Charlotte Cracker and Charlotte Katakuri, attempted an assassination on Big Mom herself, destroying her castle (unintentionally), and created a prompt alliance with Germa 66, the Sun Pirates, and the Fire Tank Pirates before escaping after the assassination had failed. Though his capabilities were slightly exaggerated by the global press, his achievements were great enough for him to be currently considered and unofficially titled the "Fifth Emperor of the Sea" (5番目の皇帝, Go-banme no Kōtei). These acts, among other things, have given him his current bounty of 1,500,000,000 berries, one of the highest past or present bounties in the series. Having had a third bounty of 300,000,000 berries prior to his first arrival at the Sabaody Archipelago, Luffy was one of twelve rookie pirates who has been referred to as the "Worst Generation" (formerly known as the "Eleven Supernovas"), pirates with bounties over 100,000,000 berries to have reached the Red Line.

Overview
Luffy's two dominant traits are his apparent lack of intelligence and his utter fearlessness. Luffy can easily be amazed by the simplest things, such as hermit crabs, and can be confused by concepts such as that by digging a hole right next to another he may be unintentionally filling the other hole. In addition, during long and complex explanations of something, he immediately calls it magic. He likes monsters and will ask weird creatures to join his crew (as seen in the Thriller Bark Arc, asking a talking tree to join his crew). He also has no knowledge of medicine: when Nami had a high fever he told her to eat cold food and later tried to make Roronoa Zoro better (after battling Bartholomew Kuma) by pouring sake onto him because Zoro likes sake. When attempting to think up a plan to get off of Amazon Lily, while he managed to make some logical sense of where to look, he is seen to strain himself and notes that he is going to feel sick from too much thinking. He is rarely disturbed by violence and bloodshed as he has fought his whole life. Even the worst battlefields rarely disturb him except when it involves a friend or relative as in the case of Ace. He is seemingly unphased by the most horrifying sights such as headless men left after Law's attacks or the extreme violence of Kid.

Luffy's personality is like that of a child's, in the sense that he tends to go to the extremes. He can either be extremely greedy, especially in cases of food, who his crew is, and adventure; or extraordinarily selfless, going so far as to virtually sacrifice himself to avenge or protect his friends, crew, and family. This childish mentality of his allows him to get to the root of the problem, and allows him to figure out the most simple way of solving it.

He almost never gets irritated with normal people, though there are a few exceptions, like when they seem to have an opposite taste in food as he, or when they ask if they can take a look at his "privates". Luffy also has no problem with other people stretching and playing with his rubber body, however, he does get a little irritated if they are doing so while he's in the middle of eating.

Luffy calls every mixed-appearance creature he finds by whichever creature is its secondary (non-dominant) part. On Gaimon's island, the dog/chicken was referred to as a chicken when it was mostly a dog, the snake/rabbit a rabbit even though it was mostly snake, and the pig/lion a lion even though it was mostly pig. This becomes a running gag: later when he meets Banana Gators, he calls them bananas with crocodiles attached to them. Also, after seeing Pierre transform, he continued to refer to him as a "horse" instead of a bird. And related to this running gag, when on Long Ring Long Land island, he called every animal by what he thought they resembled rather than the actual species they were.

Another interesting personality trait is that during sailing, he likes to sit on the bow of the ship, such as the head of the Going Merry and the Thousand Sunny, the nose of Rocket Man, the head of the right Yuda of the Kuja Pirates' ship or even on top of the front cannon of a captured Marines' ship.

Luffy's interest in women is a complex matter: in an SBS Volume 54, Oda stated that the reason Luffy acted in an aroused manner when Nami stripped, yet remained neutral when Hancock did so, was that he was with Usopp at the time Nami did so, as Usopp is his age and therefore a bad influence on his behavior. He also hasn't yet displayed any romantic inclinations, having nonchalantly refused to marry Lola and Hancock without a second thought. Luffy also has an indifferent behavior towards marriage. While he knows what marriage is, he doesn't seem to care about that concept as when Sanji was in an arranged marriage with Pudding, he did not care if he got married and only cared more about him returning to the crew. He also didn't object to Absalom trying to marry Nami and only commented on how "brave" he was to want to marry her. Ironically, despite his lack of interest in all things love related, Luffy has earned the affections of many women along his travels (such as Alvida's admiration, the love of Boa Hancock, etc.), quite a few of whom are royalty.

Luffy has shown to admire heroes, though he has stated vehemently that he really does not want to be one, his reasoning more-or-less translating that the definition of a good hero is to be entirely selfless. Ironically, many of Luffy's actions are mostly selfless, with his selfishness mainly revolving around his gluttony and his thirst for adventure. This trait leaves everyone he meets with to think he is some kind of hero, but not by his own design. However, he is easily convinced by Jimbei for his plan of becoming a hero of the Fishman Island with an agreement of meat.

Luffy acquired the reputation of a very dangerous person because of his recklessness and even insanity. However, unlike other pirates who have a reputation as a psycho (like the Killer of the Marines Caribou or Bellamy) for unjust violence against civilians or authorities, Luffy gained his reputation for helping his friends in the face of power, usually passing over beyond the bounds of reasoning.

It is shown that Luffy can get irritated when his crew or people around him constantly whine about the dangers they are in that he caused, which is mostly shown in Zou. He would appreciate if people stayed happy and cheery in these situations, like the rabbit mink Carrot.

When his adoptive older brother Ace was killed at Marineford, the mental strain of watching Ace die in his arms caused him to fall into a catatonic state. After waking from this state, Luffy flew into a rage and went on a destructive rampage to vent his grief and anger. Afterwards, Luffy re-evaluated himself and came to the conclusion that he had been too naïve, and was weak and unworthy of becoming King of the Pirates, falling into a state of depression and self-pity. Some encouragement from Jimbei and Rayleigh gave Luffy some renewed courage to continue pursuing his dream. After the timeskip, he tells Rayleigh that he will be King of the Pirates, having regained his confidence to fight for his dream.

Luffy is also a extremely heavy sleeper. During the operation to ruin Sanji and Pudding's wedding ceremony, Jimbei could not wake him up even after smacking him hard several times and yelling directly into his ears. Only after he was presented meat, his favorite food, did he finally woke up. Back at Water 7, Luffy woke up when his grandfather Garp hit him with his "Fist of Love".

Adventurous Spirit
"I don't want to hear where the treasure is!!! I don't want to know if the treasure exists or not! I don't know for sure now, but... ...everyone out there is risking their lives for it!!! If Rayleigh tells us anything about it right now, I'll quit being a pirate! I'll never go an adventure that isn't any fun!!!!"
 * —Luffy speaks out against learning what One Piece is from Rayleigh.

Luffy also has an extreme thirst for adventure, which he has stated is the main reason he wants to become the King of the Pirates, having the belief that the King of the Pirates would be the one on the entire ocean with the most freedom for adventuring. In fact, Luffy rejects becoming anyone's ruler or boss, as he wishes to be free to do whatever he wants and does not want to take away other's freedom. Such was the case when the Straw Hat Grand Fleet was formed; from the start, Luffy refused to become the fleet's boss and instead wanted the factions to be equals that come to each others' aid whenever they need each other. Because of this adventurous nature, he tends to avoid taking 'the easy way out' at times, such as when he destroyed the Eternal Pose to Nanimonai Island given to him by Robin (Miss All-Sunday at the time), stating that he did not want an enemy to decide his destination. On Zou when Usopp implied that it may be possible to steal the Road Poneglyphs and get to Raftel without fighting the Four Emperors at all, Luffy showed a look of extreme disappointment. He also has no intention of trying to learn what or where One Piece actually is until he finds it himself, and once stated he would quit being a pirate if his crew tried to find out, not wanting to 'go on a boring adventure'. Luffy has no actual sense of caution and in fact, has been known to literally laugh in the face of danger and walk into potentially harmful situations with a massive grin as, for example, when the Straw Hats approached the Knock-Up Stream and when they decided to board the Rumbar Pirates ghost ship and also when entering Thriller Bark and while descending to Fishman Island, Luffy never says goodbye to those he considers friends, in hopes of seeing them again.

Carefree and Optimism
Luffy approaches situations with a carefree attitude, almost never taking anything seriously. In spite of being captain, Luffy doesn't take his duties very seriously, never being harsh or enforcing standards on his crew. While Luffy can be serious when it comes to fighting or personal matters when it comes to loyalty, Luffy would rather have fun or relax such as enjoying banquets. Luffy would even have one even in personal situations, as Luffy cared more about the banquet at Punk Hazard much to Law's irritation. Luffy also doesn't appear to take conflicts with others seriously either, as when Judge regarded Sanji's emotions as a failure, Luffy simply thanked him for helping them escape much to Judge's frustration. This attitude tends to get on his crew's nerves, contrasting on their focus on personal and serious matters, mainly with Nami, Usopp, Zoro, and Sanji.

Luffy is also highly optimistic. He always sees the bright side of situations or anything that goes wrong, and takes matters with a smile and an upbeat nature. He even enjoyed having people join his crew as Luffy was eager to accept Sanji's bride-to-be as part of his crew but only if Sanji returned himself. This attitude also tends to annoy his crew, mainly with Usopp and Zoro, in contrast with their pessimistic and serious attitudes respectively.

Simple-Mindedness
His simple mind actually saved him against Hancock's powers because he mistook it for a "Slow-Slow Beam", which was used by Foxy, which brought out a fear of being slowed down (though it is shown later he is simply immune to her powers, because of his pure heart). If Luffy finds something he does not understand, even if someone explains in detail, he calls it a "mystery thing"; like calling Dance Powder a "mystery powder". One of Luffy's running gags is asking "non-humans" such as Camie and Brook if they can poop, in which case the answer is usually a yes. Another running gag is Luffy's slow reaction time, especially to freezing temperatures.

Luffy's simple attitude and naïve comments during fights are often mistaken by his opponents as poking fun at them. Due to this, many of his opponents lose their cool and charge at him in anger. While he is goofy and reckless, he gets quite serious when anyone is in serious danger, notably his crew, whom he considers his family. Luffy also has the uncanny tendency to unwittingly poke fun at an opponent's most sensitive trait, like calling Buggy "big nose", Alvida "the fat lady", Kureha "old hag", and laughing hysterically at Pica's high-pitched voice. In many cases, the opponents fail to understand whether Luffy is serious or just playing during fights due to his bizarre actions like drinking too much water in his fight with Crocodile or punching out Arlong's teeth and using it as a weapon to bite him. Luffy, however, has maintained that he is always serious during fights. In most cases, once he starts to fight he maintains a serious attitude and is only seen laughing once he defeats the enemy or is certain the enemy will be defeated, like in Buggy's case when he laughed before sending Buggy flying in the air.

Instincts and Ingenuity
It has been stated more than once that Luffy's instinct and behavior is similar to that of a wild animal's, like when he knows who he has to fight before he even gets to the battle. Even his fights show this as he relies on his instincts and counterattacks, which complements the way he views the world. He is most often seen smiling, except in a fight where he is forced to use all his power (and sometimes even then). Luffy also seems to rarely change personality wise, because he views the world in a straightforward and simple manner. He is occasionally the only person who can see past events that have taken place and realize the true goal, yet at other times he can fall into the simplest of traps.

However, he is a genius when it comes to fighting, such as when he figured out how to defeat Crocodile's Devil Fruit power on the verge of death, how to use Shave from sight, developed a number of effective counters to Eneru's "Mantra" ability and, most recently, learning everything Silvers Rayleigh had to teach him about Haki in a year and a half (even though Rayleigh mentioned that two years were too short a time to learn about Haki). He does have a habit of holding a grudge even in dire situations, such as calling Franky a "bastard" in the middle of his fight with Rob Lucci causing Franky to retort "Now's not the time to be mad at me" and refusing to let Crocodile help him escape Impel Down (even when there was no alternative). However, he tries not to hurt civilians, especially the people he likes, even if they intend to do harm to him, preferring to run from them than fight.

In battle, Luffy has shown signs of intelligence, high tactical and innovative skills. He can easily adapt to hindering situations such as Mr. 3's Candle Lock or Eneru's Gloam Paddling into an attack. He also used at least a mirror to reflect Foxy's Slow-Slow Beam attack. During the Marineford Arc, Dracule Mihawk mentions that Luffy seems unusually clear-headed by avoiding Mihawk's attacks. Additionally, during his battle against Mihawk, he uses Buggy as a scapegoat shield to help protect him and move forward towards Ace. Luffy also has a habit of saying things with a lot more weight and (occasionally) wisdom than he realizes without even thinking or meaning to.

Leadership
Luffy also shows significant leadership skills, which at other times he usually lacks and therefore has his captain duties done by another crew member. An example of his leadership is usually present at the most dire and serious times; such as in the Water 7 Arc in which a portion of the Straw Hats, some Galley-La foremen, and the Franky Family are present. Luffy brings the three together by pointing out that they now have a common enemy and should form an alliance to take back what the enemy has taken. Another time could be when he takes on the burden of being a Captain and does not hold back when dueling Usopp, and restrains himself from calling Usopp back afterwards. He also displays this in Dressrosa when Franky voices opposition to Trafalgar Law's plan, getting everyone on the same page by having them assist the Tontatta dwarves in their efforts to overthrow Doflamingo. Crew members also listen to his orders without question when he is serious, all respecting his position. In the Sabaody Archipelago Arc, Jewelry Bonney comments on how not just anyone could order Zoro around, since Zoro seemed to be so independent and ruthless. Yet he respects Luffy's commands when the time calls for it.

Charisma
"It's not his powers or techniques. He possesses some quality that makes people want to help him. And on these waters, that is the most formidable power of all!"
 * —Dracule Mihawk, commenting on Luffy at the Battle of Marineford.

Despite all his peculiar traits and habits (with his trademark dimwitted behavior), Luffy's most defining part of his personality is the ability to make allies out of absolutely anyone (including former enemies, villains and even Whitebeard himself), which is said by Mihawk to be the most dangerous ability in the world.

When other individuals heard Luffy mention that he, his crew, and the people they meet are friends or comrades, it touched the hearts of others who were later grateful to Luffy and his crew and support them, like Karoo, Vivi, Nefeltari Cobra, and Fukaboshi. That also applies to Nami and Chopper who later joined the Straw Hat Pirates.

Loyalty and Selflessness
"Tell that idiot Moria... If anything happens to my crew... I'll blast your island until there's nothing left of it!"
 * —Luffy's response to a zombie telling him that his crew wouldn't survive.

Luffy is very loyal to his crew-mates and other friends, and can lose his temper quickly if they are harmed in any way (a trait that he apparently shares with the late King of the Pirates). Luffy is willing to do drastic things to avenge and defend those dear to him, even if it means breaking a promise to his friends, such as striking Bellamy down for attacking Montblanc Cricket's crew, and punching World Noble Saint Charloss in the face for shooting Hatchan, despite promising not to defy the World Nobles. Additionally, Luffy believes that all people should be loyal to their friends, and if Luffy sees anyone betraying their own comrades, he would stand up for the victims (even if they are enemies). Notable examples of this are Captain Kuro killing his own crew, Don Krieg attacking Ghin, Boa Hancock petrifying her fellow Kuja tribe members, Caesar Clown using his subordinates as mere guinea pigs, Don Quixote Doflamingo treating Bellamy cruelly despite the latter's admiration for the former, and Charlotte Pudding planning to kill Sanji at the wedding and making him believe she loved him. He also wanted to punch Capone Bege for trying to kill Pekoms but put aside this grudge after Jimbei pointed out that they share a common enemy with Big Mom. In fact, on Whole Cake Island, Luffy engaged in a fight against Charlotte Cracker to protect Pound. Luffy also does not tolerate if anyone accuses his friends of being disloyal to him as Cracker claimed Sanji would be happy with marrying Pudding and the "low class pirate" to "get packing" which Luffy found it highly offensive. Sanji even pointed out during his fight with Vergo that he was the type of person Luffy would hate the most due to the vice admiral's betrayal of G-5 and attacking his subordinates despite their admiration for him.

Luffy's apparent selflessness often inspires others to side with him as a result. Notable among these people are Boa Hancock, Jimbei, and Emporio Ivankov, who would not have helped him out otherwise, given their individual beliefs. He also shows respect for things that a person is willing to die for, be it a treasure or a secret, to the point of even fighting to protect that which the person would throw their lives away over. The most noticeable action of this would be when he protected the Gorgon Sisters' secret by using his own body to cover the mark on Boa Sandersonia's back, even though they were trying to kill him. Despite not knowing the story of Dr. Hiriluk, he didn't think twice about throwing himself in front of Wapol's blast in order to defend the integrity of his flag, simply because he knew it meant a lot to Chopper.

Luffy is thus willing to recklessly put his own health and safety at risk to protect those he cares about, even if it means risking death or causing a permanent injury to himself, such as overexerting himself during the Battle of Marineford to save Ace and begging Emporio Ivankov to use tension hormones on him again as he would rather risk his health and try to save Ace, or Luffy will kill himself if he allows Ace to die. Other examples are Luffy repeatedly attacking Noah with Gear Third to save Fish-Man Island, despite rapid blood loss from the injury Hody Jones inflicted on him, and Luffy willing to risk losing his arms to break free from his restraints in Big Mom's cell to save Sanji, after learning Sanji's wedding is a set-up and the Charlotte Family intends to kill him (along with his family), though this was prior to Jimbei showing up to free him and Nami.

Whenever Luffy is seriously injured, he always requests that his friends or allies get treated first, even when he is the one who needs it the most. Nami fell ill while the crew was on its way to Alabasta, causing Luffy and Sanji to embark on a journey to get her medical attention once they reached Drum Island. However, Sanji ended up injured as well when they fought the Lapahns, and Luffy was forced to carry them both on his back while he climbed an entire mountain chain in freezing conditions. Upon finally reaching the summit, he immediately requested that they be saved with no regard for his own condition. However, the greatest example of this is when in Impel Down, after being severely poisoned by Magellan and getting to Level 5 with an injured Bentham and meeting Ivankov and Inazuma, he begged them to save his friend first even though he was truly suffering the most and in the worst condition (he was actually on the verge of death, and would have certainly died had Inazuma not found them).

Respect
While he desires to be become Pirate King for freedom instead of power, Luffy does have an interest in pirates and is respectful. This was first shown when Kuro loathed the ways of becoming a pirate, which infuriated him and responded that he doesn't have what it takes to be a pirate. Luffy also shows pride of his ship and his flag. During the Long Ring Long Land Arc, his crew spotted a ship without a flag and Luffy was shocked that the ship was "naked". In Water 7 Arc and Enies Lobby Arc, when the Going Merry was beyond repair, Luffy wanted to get a new one and had to break the news to Usopp. When he refused, the two got into a fight, which led to Usopp leaving the crew and only being accepted back if Usopp apologized to him, as Zoro stated that he stepped on Luffy's pride. Luffy is strongly attached to the Going Merry, as while he was giving it a viking funeral, Luffy tearfully apologized on how it fell apart from their lack of care. Luffy values a flag for what it means, not only for his own but for other flags, such as nations. In the Drum Island Arc, when Wapol shot a cannon at the flag that represents Hiriluk, Luffy defended the flag and told Wapol that he and his men were nothing but frauds since they did not know the true meaning of the flag. Luffy is also aware of what action will be taken upon if a flag is destroyed. When he and his crew were at Enies Lobby to get Robin back, Luffy asked Usopp (while he was Sogeking) to burn the World Government's flag, declaring war on the government. Also, Luffy wanted a musician as part of his crew, as his reasoning is that pirates love to sing and a musician is essential to a pirate crew, something that was fulfilled when Brook joined his crew.

The one thing that Luffy does not allow is someone or something getting involved in another person's fight. At these times Luffy shows both remarkable restraint during the battles, and rage when something or someone outside the battle is involved, especially if it is a person he considers a friend. Luffy showed this early in the series when Zoro fought Mihawk, and managed to hold himself (and Johnny and Yosaku) back until Zoro was defeated. Since then he has shown it several times, like when Baroque Works sabotaged the giants' duel on Little Garden; when Crocodile attacked Yuba with a sandstorm in the middle of their fight; when he challenged Aokiji to a 1-on-1 fight; when he fought Lucci and insisted that Franky does not get involved in their battle; when the Boa sisters threatened to break the petrified form of his saviors; and when he was visibly enraged with Hordy Jones who attacked some civilians who tried to halt Noah. He even went so far as to cover Sandersonia's back from the citizens of Kuja while it was still burning, even though they were trying to kill him, claiming it has nothing to do with their fight.

Luffy also respects his friends' decision if they choose not to join his crew, even if he asked them more than once, and would prefer not to forcibly take them with him. One example is his declining Zeff's offer to forcibly take Sanji with him, aware of how much the Baratie meant to Sanji, and would only take him if Sanji agreed to do so. One minor exception is the Straw Hats' involvement in using more forcible methods in getting Franky to agree to join only because Iceberg insisted there was no other way due to Franky being too stubborn to listen to reason. This leads to Luffy and most of his crew to help the other members of the Franky Family with their plan, allowing them to succeed in convincing Franky to join the Straw Hats (with some additional help from Iceburg who provided the necessary advice) and seeing the importance to fulfilling his dream. He would also stood up for his friends' decisions, as he defended Lola's choice to run away from an arranged marriage made by Big Mom.

While Luffy prefers to fight his opponents one on one without any interference, he is not above receiving help from others if necessary. On Thriller Bark, he got help from his crew to take down Oars. At the Sabaody Archipelago, he worked together with his crew to take down a Pacifista. At Whole Cake Island, Luffy allowed Nami to assist him in his fight against Cracker. He is also eager to form alliances, as he readily agreed to ally with Law to face Kaido, though as stated by Usopp, Luffy took "alliances" as a sign of friendship. After hearing about Kaido's cruelty towards Kozuki Momonosuke, he formed the Ninja-Pirate-Mink-Samurai Alliance to take down Kaido and the Beast Pirates. He also agreed to ally himself with Bege, his crew, and Caesar to take down Big Mom since it would also help with Sanji's goal to save his family from Big Mom's plot.

Luffy also has a sense of appreciation and gratitude, as he saved Nico Robin from the collapsing ruins at Alabasta after she gave him a vial of antidote to Crocodile's poison. When he met with Cavendish, Luffy stated he would defeat Doflamingo as a way to repay Rebecca for buying him food though this changed when remembering Doflamingo's actions on the island and wanting to end it. One of the reasons, Luffy agreed to save Sanji's family was because Vinsmoke Reiju saved him twice, first by sucking the poisons from his body and later helped him evade capture from the Big Mom Pirates at the Whole Cake Chateau. Luffy paid her back by saving her from being killed by Big Mom.

After defeating Charlotte Katakuri, Luffy paid his fallen enemy respect by covering his mouth with an extra hat as he heard of the latter's dislike of insults to his face, despite the latter repeatedly trying to kill him and his friends.

Compassion
Unlike other pirates, Luffy has immense kindness, although he desires to become Pirate King, he is willing to put aside his goal to help others in need. When Helmeppo threw Rika over the wall of the Marine base at Shells Town when she tried to feed onigiri to Zoro, Luffy caught her and then later punched Helmeppo after hearing him brag about going back on his promise to release Zoro. During his fight with Morgan, Luffy viciously punched him for abusing his status as a Marine Captain, saying it was destroying Koby's dream of becoming a Marine. At Orange Town, Luffy defeated Richie and Mohji for destroying Chouchou's master's pet shop that he failed to protect before giving the dog a bag of dog food, the last one from his master's shop. He later battled Buggy to protect the town he was about to destroy. On the Island of Rare Animals, Luffy helped Gaimon to get the treasure chests on the hill, only to learn the chests are all empty. On Gecko Islands, Luffy agreed to help Usopp stop the Black Cat Pirates from destroying the village. On the Baratie, he defeated Krieg in spite of Sanji giving him food. Luffy defeated Arlong for his cruelty towards Nami and his treatment towards Cocoyashi Village. After hearing Nefeltari Vivi's country being tarnished by Crocodile, Luffy agreed to defeat him. On Drum Island, Luffy pulled out a buried lapahn from the snow in spite of them trying to kill him earlier, along with Sanji and Nami. At Jaya, Luffy punched Bellamy for stealing Montblanc Cricket's gold. At Skypiea, Luffy clashed with Eneru because of his plan to eradicate the island. On Thriller Bark, Luffy defeats Gecko Moria to return all the shadows he had stolen, including his own and few from his crew. At Marineford, Luffy protected Edward Newgate from Crocodile. At Fishman Island, Luffy protected Shirahoshi from Vander Decken IX and stopped Hordy Jones from destroying the island. At Punk Hazard, Luffy agreed with Nami and Chopper to save the kidnapped children and gave Franky permission to help the dwarves with their plans to reveal the dark secret behind Dressrosa. Luffy revealed to Issho that he was being cheated by some of the Don Quixote Pirates when they took advantage of his blindness. Due to his kindness, Luffy can be extremely forgiving as he still considers Nami and Robin to his friends, even towards people who had hurt him and his crew such as Bentham, Hachi, and Bellamy. He was also willing to forgive Usopp and let him rejoin the crew, though he was reminded by Zoro that he had to earn his way back and when he did, Luffy instantly took him back. He even already forgave Sanji after he brutalized and insulted him, realizing it was all lies and was forced to do it.

Emotional
Like Sanji and Franky, Luffy is not afraid to show his emotions. When he was a child, he cried when Shanks sacrificed his arm to save him and mourn Sabo's presumed death along with Ace. After his fight with Usopp at Water 7, Luffy shed tears after their duel and cried in joy when Usopp apologetically cried of wanting to join them again. As Luffy and his crew gave the Going Merry a viking funeral after the invasion of Enies Lobby, Luffy tearfully apologizes for how terrible they had taken care of it. When Bartholomew Kuma separated his crew one by one, Luffy went to tears of losing them all. After Ace's death, Luffy had a mental breakdown and grieved greatly after returning to Amazon Lily, where Luffy went on a rampage before deeming himself too weak and unfit to be the Pirate King. At the Corrida Colosseum, he cried and hugged Sabo after finding out he was still alive. When Pudding told him and his party that Sanji refused to marry her, Luffy was shocked before crying in joy to know that he did want to be with them again. Luffy is also known to be hot-headed, but he is able to retain self-control and reserve himself. Main examples are with his fights with Bellamy, Crocodile, Eneru, Rob Lucci, Charloss, Hody Jones, Caesar Clown, Don Quixote Doflamingo, and Charlotte Cracker.

Righteousness
Luffy is righteous as he completely despise cruelty and wickedness. When he learned of Arlong's abusive emotional torment towards Nami, he was utterly enraged and wasted no time in destroying the room of maps that Arlong forced Nami to work in for years. When Hatchan was sadistically shot by Charloss and tried to shoot Hatchan again despite Hatchan's attempts to protect him, Luffy's anger reached its peak and was perfectly content to invoke an Admiral's attack by punching Charloss in the face without any mercy. On Fishman Island, Luffy fought Hody to protect his friends and the people of Fishman Island as well as to stop his plan to destroy the island. At Punk Hazard, when Luffy learned from Momonosuke about Caesar's evil intentions to sacrifice innocent children just to realize his own scientific ambitions for everlasting glory and success in gigantification, Luffy openly expressed immense fury towards Caesar. When he heard from Caesar about how he exploited Punk Hazard and his connections to Doflamingo to perform all sorts of inhumane experiments, Luffy ruthlessly brutalized Caesar with Haki enhanced punches. When Doflamingo attempt to massacre the people of Dressrossa with his Birdcage, Luffy refused to leave them to die and was fully prepared to personally take down Doflamingo despite Law's warning of invoking Kaido's rage. He was not only angry at Doflamingo for trying to destroy Dressrosa but also angry at how he controlled and manipulated the country saying such things "suffocate" him

Traits of a D.
As a person with the middle initial D., Luffy shares the common trait of not fearing death. He will often state that if he reaches his goal, that's fine, but if he dies on the way, that's fine too. He even smiled when he was nearly executed by Buggy in Loguetown, although he did have a look of shock and surprise in his eyes before this happened when Sanji and Zoro tried to rescue him. Throughout the series, several characters have stated similarities between Luffy and other D. carriers, whether in personality, words, actions or presence. So far he is thought to be similar to Jaguar D. Saul by Robin; to Monkey D. Garp by Aokiji, by at least one of the Five Elder Stars, and by his own crew; to Monkey D. Dragon by Emporio Ivankov; and to Gol D. Roger by Smoker, Crocus, Kureha, Gan Fall, Shanks, Rayleigh, Kokoro, Shakuyaku and the non-canonical Raoul.

Like other D's so far, he is also an immense glutton despite his skinny appearance: he especially loves meat and can eat a fish whole - bones included - and because of this, a running gag of Luffy's is him constantly stealing other peoples' food with his rubber powers, causing them to yell at him and sometimes hit him. It should also be noted that he becomes more gluttonous over the series as there are moments he becomes morbidly obese, though he loses the weight in some way, usually exercise. Also, after the events of Enies Lobby, Luffy seems to have developed narcolepsy, much like his brother Ace, though for only a short time. Due to his gluttony, Luffy can end up losing control in times of dire hunger. When he expended all the crew's food supply while on the way to Whole Cake Island, he was thinking about using Chopper as emergency food ration and in the anime, he tried to devour Chopper alive twice and had to be beaten by Nami.

Running Gags
The author of the manga One Piece named Eiichiro Oda has said: "when drawing Luffy, I try to make him very simple and straightforward about what he wants to be and how he feels, which is why out of all the main characters, he has the least number of thought bubbles, since he acts and says what he wants to do rather than think it". To complement Luffy's naïveté and straightforward attitude, there is a running gag through the series where Luffy can identify similarities on things that have little resemblance (like being able to see the resemblance between Sanji and his Wanted Poster, or being able to see Spoil as an old man with major wounds rather than a zombie), but is unable to see similarities with things with obvious connections (like being unable to tell that Sogeking is Usopp or not seeing through Foxy's pathetic disguises until he was told by the latter). This gag seemed to have remained after the timeskip as he could not identify two people as impostors until Demalo Black's ruse was revealed. However, he was able to identify Caesar Clown in a poor disguise but had second thoughts when Caesar told him otherwise until Nami informed Luffy that he was correct. He was even able to identify Pekoms when he tried to disguise himself as "Nazoms", which surprised the latter.

Luffy also has a tendency of forgetting people or old enemies he has encountered, which was seen on various occasions. In these instances, he is usually met with annoyance by them especially when he belatedly recalls them in a humiliating moment or with a poor description of them.

Another running gag is his habit of being amazed at various abilities of villains, often yelling out "amazing" with stars in his eyes and around his head. Luffy believes that he is at his "coolest" when he is wearing armor. Luffy also seems to have a slight obsession when it comes to outfitting himself with full-body armors, and has a habit of wearing one whenever he gets the chance. But every armor that he manages to find and outfit himself with usually ends up destroyed either in a battle or by some other comedic scenario. He also constantly insults his opponents by giving them degrading nicknames (such as calling Gecko Moria a "leek" or Enel "earlobes"). Luffy apparently has no skill with insulting people, usually taking either a physical aspect or unique ability and trying to make it degrading (like calling Zoro "three-swords style" when everyone was lamenting Vivi's absence, only to be corrected by Usopp).

Another one of his running gags is that during the battles, Luffy often gets into situations (accidentally or intentionally) in which he can not fight. In such cases, his crew mates fight with other weaker enemies associated with the main antagonist and defeat them. This happened when he fell into a cage in the Orange Town Arc, fell asleep in the Syrup Village Arc, was stuck in stone and thrown into the water during the Arlong Park Arc, and when he entered a snake's stomach in the Skypiea Arc. When all other enemies are defeated, Luffy fights with the strongest, the one whom only he can defeat.

Luffy also has absolutely no talent for lying whatsoever, and cannot hold a straight face or poker face at all when intimidated to confess the truth. This lack of subtlety sometimes manifests as extreme honesty, and Luffy can be very blunt with people. After meeting Coby and Shirahoshi, he called them cowards and flat out told them that he did not like them because of it (though he later befriended them both). In fact, more often than not, Luffy would blurt out, without thinking, what he knows regarding a certain event whenever someone asks something concerning the events that transpired. On Zou, his crewmates beat him up when he casually mentioned the samurai, which the other Straw Hats thought was a taboo topic in light of what the minks had been through after Jack's invasion until they realize their mistake after the samurai appear. In contrast, Luffy has a tendency to suck his lips in and turn his head to the side when an attack or technique fails to affect him, such as Eneru's various electrical attacks or Boa Hancock's Love-Love Fruit.

When talking about money, tells his crew-mates to budget their money, only for them to react in return that it all goes towards feeding him. Another running gag involves Luffy randomly telling someone a secret, such as the identity of his and Ace's fathers, only to casually ask them to keep it a secret afterwards. He shares this trait with his grandfather.

Mercy
Luffy never kills any of his enemies (no matter how cold-hearted they are); instead, he frequently sends the enemy flying, knocking them out or beating them until they have reached the point that they are almost near death. Oda explains that it is not a question of morality so much as a matter of punishing the villains for their crimes - he feels that killing the villains lets them off too easily, whereas he considers letting them live to see their dreams ruined a far more fitting punishment. However, it is evidently clear that Luffy is not against others completing the final act themselves, as seen when Luffy allowed Law to make his attempt to kill Doflamingo, while making sure Trebol did not interfere. This may have been more to do with stopping Doflamingo's birdcage (which would only deactivate if Doflamingo willed it or was dead or unconscious) from killing civilians than actually harboring any desire to see Doflamingo killed.

Despite his passion for fighting, Luffy also generally refuses to fight someone that he does not personally consider an enemy, preferring to either talk it over or run away from the confrontation. Over the series, Luffy has become more mature and levelheaded, though he only shows this part of his personality when he and his friends are in dire situations or someone insults him, calling people like him and their beliefs foolish. Other than that, he still acts the same as he was at the start of the series.

Aggression
There were some instances where Luffy seems to enjoy defeating his opponents. During his fight with Mohji (who immediately began to apologize after Luffy took out his pet lion, Ritchie), Luffy refused to forgive him and mercilessly punched him as hard as he could without any restraint, despite Mohji being much weaker than him. He also refused to allow his enemies to get away with whatever they have done and will want revenge against them no matter what others say. When Wapol appeared at Drum Castle, Luffy immediately showed anger and dropped what he was doing just for the sole purpose of punching Wapol and showed delight when he told Wapol that he was going to defeat him. When Wapol was stuck in the tower of Drum Castle, Luffy ignored all of Wapol's pleas and gladly sent him flying far away from Drum Island. This attitude extends to anyone affiliated to the enemy. After he, Chopper, and Robin came across Hogback, Luffy learned that he was with Moria and decided to beat him up just for being one of Moria's allies. Luffy will also express hatred and the need to beat up a person if they have done anything to one of his friends in the past and will not rest until he has beaten them. After the Franky Family robbed and beaten Usopp, Luffy quickly sought payback against them and stormed their hideout.

Luffy enjoys a decent fight and is eager to fight against strong opponents though he clearly doesn't hunger for actual battle like Zoro and Rob Lucci do. Notably, Luffy was interested in Jesus Burgess' challenge in Mock Town. In combat Luffy is highly brutal and ruthless, fighting his opponents without mercy. Though, when faced with weaker fighters, Luffy would hold back to avoid seriously injuring them. However, he will show no remorse if they harm his friends and crew in any way. When facing powerful foes, Luffy goes all out that would pulverize them. Luffy would face his opponents rather than avoiding them as he did not agree with Usopp's plan of copying the Poneglyphs without facing Kaido or Big Mom, stating he would take them down to get to them. Luffy can be reckless and rebellious towards powerful figures, such as the Marines, the World Government, the Seven Warlords of the Sea, the World Nobles, and even the Four Emperors. Also, Luffy has a habit of cracking his knuckles when he is ready to fight. Like Zoro and Sanji, Luffy will sometimes grin dangerously during a fight. Luffy grinned when he was attacked by two Beasts Pirates' members on the shores of Wano Country.

While Luffy would prefer fighting his opponents, he has no qualms giving anyone else a chance to finish them off as Luffy allowed Law to try to kill Doflamingo. This happened again in Whole Cake Island, as Luffy agreed to partake in Bege's assassination plot against Big Mam as he only did it to save Sanji's family. However, Luffy will resort to fighting them eventually given the respective opponent survived, as Luffy fought and defeated Doflamingo by himself, and declared to Big Mom that he would defeat her after he defeats Kaido.

Every time Luffy defeats an enemy, he smiles shortly afterward. There has been only one exception: after his fight with Usopp in Water 7, Luffy did not smile for a whole day.

Prior to the timeskip, Luffy had displayed a side to himself where he occasionally gets into fights with others over needless issues (i.e. he nearly got into one with Blackbeard in Mock Town over a matter of quality of the pies that the tavern served to their patrons). He still has this trait after the timeskip when he is shown to fight with Kozuki Momonosuke when he arrives on Dressrosa. However when Luffy is told to keep a low profile or to restrain himself he will resist his urges to pick fights over small matters. There has been only one exception: when Luffy accidentally ran into Demalo Black, he did not want to get involved in the conflict with him and finished it with the least amount of effort, which was evident when he knocked him out and the other Impostor Straw Hat Crew with the use of Conqueror's Haki. Although, most likely, he did this to prevent deviations in plans.

Humility
Another dominant trait of Luffy is his humble nature: he does not brag about the powerful foes he's defeated in the past, though he's not above about claiming that no one has ever beaten him in the past (which is not true, having been defeated many times by various opponents during his lifetime). He remains humble despite having done outrageous acts like defeating Warlord-level pirates and issuing the order to burn down the World Government Flag back at Enies Lobby. When Franky pointed out the latter, Luffy only replied that it was nothing to get worked up over (hinting that he only gave the order on a mere whim), for he and his crew were only there to take back a crew member that was taken from them. When Sengoku reprimanded Bartholomew Kuma for not killing the Straw Hats after Gecko Moria's defeat, Garp assured Sengoku that Luffy is not the type of person who would brag about his accomplishments.

During combat, Luffy would not fight someone who could not fight properly. After finding out that Smoker and Tashigi switched bodies due to Law's Devil Fruit during the confrontation at Punk Hazard, Luffy told Smoker that they should fight another day since Luffy will not fight him if Smoker cannot use his full strength. Also, Luffy would even attempt to make a fair fight when engaging against someone who is disabled as Luffy announced all of his attacks during his fight with the blind admiral, Issho.

Luffy will also take the blame for something he is not fully or partially responsible. When Charlotte Linlin threatened to destroy Merman Island for not supplying her with the monthly candy tribute, Luffy took the blame of eating all of the candy to spare the island from Big Mam's wrath.

Stubbornness
Luffy can be very stubborn at times, whether in his desire for adventurous routes, recruiting a desired member into his crew, or upholding a promise. Disregarding how his crew would advise him against taking a more dangerous route for their travels, Luffy would argue nonstop until either they comply or something makes him see the reason for the alternative.

When he found an individual he wishes to recruit, he goes to great lengths to maintain his stance and repeatedly ask them despite being refused (mainly Nami, Sanji, and Franky). Likewise, when certain members leave the crew, he would chase after them and stubbornly refuse to leave despite their demands, cruel words, and even abusive retaliations, having managed to retrieve Nami, Robin, and Sanji when they attempted to depart. He originally wanted to retrieve Usopp right away despite their disagreement, but Zoro's reason made him understand that Usopp must apologize before being re-accepted into the crew. Luffy was nevertheless happy when Usopp finally returned with an apology. However, Luffy does try to understand said crewmate's reason to leave and help them out before returning.

Luffy upholds his promises quite strongly, even when it results in himself being injured. When he promised Nami that he would not cause trouble in Mock Town, he simply allowed the Bellamy Pirates to beat him and Zoro up. That does not mean that he will not break his promises, as he did only at critical points that would otherwise invade his moral compass, such as avenging an offended friend.

Friends/Allies

 * Straw Hat Pirates
 * Roronoa Zoro
 * Nami
 * Usopp
 * Vinsmoke Sanji
 * Tony Tony Chopper
 * Nico Robin
 * Franky
 * Brook
 * Jimbei
 * Red-Haired Pirates
 * Shanks
 * Ben Beckman
 * Lucky Roux
 * Yasopp
 * Kaya
 * Usopp Pirates
 * Carrot
 * Pepper
 * Onion
 * Johnny
 * Yosaku
 * Baratie
 * Zeff
 * Carne
 * Patty
 * Genzo
 * Nefeltari Vivi
 * Igaram
 * Karoo
 * Dorry
 * Broggy
 * Dr. Kureha
 * Mr. 2 Bon Clay
 * Kung-Fu Dugong
 * Pell
 * Chaka
 * Shandia
 * Wyper
 * Gan Fall
 * Conis
 * Galley-La Company
 * Iceberg
 * Paulie
 * Jaguar D. Saul
 * Hachi
 * Silvers Rayleigh
 * Kuja Pirates
 * Boa Hancock
 * Revolutionary Army
 * Emporio Ivankov
 * Inazuma
 * Koala
 * Whitebeard Pirates
 * Whitebeard
 * Marco
 * Jozu
 * Vista
 * Rakuyo
 * Heart Pirates
 * Trafalgar D. Water Law
 * Straw Hat Grand Fleet
 * Barto Pirates
 * Bartolomeo

Family

 * Monkey D. Garp (grandfather)
 * Monkey D. Dragon (father)
 * Portgas D. Ace (adopted brother)
 * Sabo (adopted brother)
 * Curly Dadan (adopted mother)

Neutral

 * Crocodile
 * Fire Tank Pirates

Rivals

 * Smoker

Enemies

 * Marines
 * Morgan
 * Akainu

Abilities and Powers
As the captain of the Straw Hat Pirates, Monkey D. Luffy has the highest authority in the crew and is occasionally responsible for making important decisions. Despite being the youngest member of the Worst Generation, Luffy is an extremely powerful pirate with immense potential, having achieved numerous near-impossible feats that have shaken the Three Great Powers to the core. Currently, Luffy has gained the second highest known bounty in the world of 1,500,000,000 and is unofficially titled the "Fifth Emperor of the Sea", further signifying his ever-expanding growth and strength as well as his exploits throughout his journey to One Piece.

In addition to being the captain of his own crew, Luffy has claim to a fleet that was unofficially formed by seven powerful pirate crews that call themselves the Straw Hat Grand Fleet, who all vowed to serve under him as their leader even though Luffy openly declined to lead them.

Physical Abilities
Luffy possesses immense physical prowess, being capable of lifting up large boulders, breaking stone, shattering steel with his bare hands, lifting and dragging a massive ball of solid gold attached to his arm, pushing apart large buildings, and shoulder flipping a huge man. His strength was further proven when he effortlessly stopped a stomp from Don Quixote Doflamingo, a tremendously strong man who is twice Luffy's size, with only one foot from an angle with no leverage. He is strong enough to destroy half of Noah, a colossal ship half the size of Fish-Man Island, while suffering from blood loss and (as noted by the Sea Kings) would have done so if they didn't show up in time. Even though he was shackled with Sea-Prism Stone during his imprisonment in the Udon region of Wano Country, Luffy still had the strength to carry large blocks of stone bigger than him and do more of the harsh labor than most of the other prisoners.

Overall, Luffy's immense physical power allows him to fight the most powerful and dangerous enemies such as: Arlong and Hordy, two fearsome and brutal fish-men; Eneru, an extremely powerful Logia user; Rob Lucci, the strongest member of the CP9; three previous members of the Seven Warlords: Crocodile, Moria, and Doflamingo; and even Charlotte Cracker and Katakuri, two of the Three Sweet Commanders of the Big Mom Pirates, whom both have bounties of 860,000,000 berries and 1,057,000,000 berries respectively. He is also shown to increase in strength quite dramatically in a short period of time.

Luffy's sheer physical strength and immense dexterity is a result of his grandfather's unorthodox training methods such as being thrown into a bottomless ravine, tied to a balloon, thrown into a forest at night during his childhood as well as several years of extremely rigorous training in the harsh environment of Mt. Colubo alongside Ace, mainly by sparring matches with each other, hunting and fighting wild beasts, and striking boulders to practice his fighting skills. Luffy also claimed he had a punch as powerful as a pistol even at seven years of age.

He also possesses extraordinary jaw strength, as seen in the Orange Town Arc in the manga, where he had almost chewed through the metal bars of the cage Buggy put him in. In the following arc, he shattered Jango's steel chakram with his teeth alone (anime). He also ate the cage that Gecko Moria put him in, and managed to give Rob Lucci a small bite wound, as well as break the steel chain used to bind Nami (in Franky's body) after the timeskip. His greatest feat in this area, however, was that he managed to make Jimbei, who is known to have an extremely high tolerance towards pain, yell out in pain when he bit the fish-man's arm.

His endurance and durability are enormous, taking continuous, deadly assaults from powerful foes that would have killed a normal person easily in most of his fights, yet still being able to stand up and continue fighting effectively. Over the course of the series, he progressively becomes able to take more and more punishment and fight for longer periods of time without tiring. He could withstand a direct hit from Kaku and Kalifa's combined Rankyaku attacks without any injuries and survived Rob Lucci's extremely destructive Rokuougan twice at point blank range and even manage to muster enough strength to perform a full powered Jet Gatling. At Thriller Bark, Luffy was brutally smashed by the 1000 shadow enhanced Moriah without losing consciousness. He could withstand Caesar Clown's Gastanet, which caused heavy damage to Sanji's body but did not leave any lasting injuries on Luffy. While initially stunned by the attack, he appeared completely uninjured almost immediately afterwards. By the events of the Whole Cake Island Arc, his endurance and durability have grown to the point that he is able to fight a grueling battle with Charlotte Cracker for 11 straight hours (while activating Gear Fourth at least twice), and after only a brief nap, endured a vicious beating from Sanji's Diable Jambe enhanced kicks only to be back on his feet shortly thereafter and still capable of using Gear Second when attacked by Big Mom's army. Furthermore, he then goes on to rampage through the Whole Cake Chateau, defeating dozens more of Big Mom's underlings even while being badly injured, extremely fatigued, and near-death from starvation. He even managed to survive Katakuri's extremely powerful Haki enhanced attacks. Despite heavy injuries, he shrugged off the damaged to continue the battle.

Luffy's stamina is also outstanding. He was able to fight 12 uninterrupted hours against Katakuri after having only a few hours of sleep in the last three days, sustaining several injuries from Cracker, Sanji, and the Enraged Army, and without eating properly (to near starvation) during that period of time.

He has immense healing capabilities and an extremely fast recovery rate. In Impel Down, when his natural healing abilities were boosted by Ivankov's healing hormones and further driven by his will, Luffy was able to not only survive the excessive dose of Magellan's deadly poison but also managed to overcome the poisoning within less than a day, a feat which Ivankov noted to be more than just a miracle. In Whole Cake Island, despite being on the verge of death and being brutally injured by Sanji beforehand, he quickly regain all his lost stamina and energy after eating Sanji's bento and was completely unfazed by the serious injuries he had suffered beforehand. After taking an attack powerful enough to instantly knock him out when he was defeated by Kaido, Luffy's body healed in a few days.

Luffy also possesses tremendous speed, agility, and reflexes to match his strength and endurance. In fact, on more than one occasion, Luffy was able to anticipate moves and counter attacks that would normally be beyond his field of vision due to his extremely sharp reflexes. Early on in the series, Luffy is seen being able to react to foes faster than him, like Kuro, Arlong, Bellamy, and Eneru. After learning the CP9's Shave technique to enhance both speed and strength, he became even more so. After the timeskip he has become even faster, being able to dodge attacks even while in Gear Third, and even creating enough friction while running at full speed to set the ground on fire. He could evade a majority of Katakuri's assaults, which the latter noted to be extremely rare. When freeing Tama from Holdem, Luffy was able to move so fast that Holdem was not able to react before Luffy struck him.

His vast strength is only exceeded by his enormous willpower, as demonstrated on several occasions throughout the series, most noted of all in the Thriller Bark Saga when he manages to take in 100 shadows without passing out, compared to normal humans, who can only take in 2 or 3. This incredible willpower even allows him to survive the most brutal injuries and deadliest poison, as demonstrated when he was severely poisoned very far beyond what a human is capable of surviving, only living on despite his critical condition through sheer willpower. This is also shown when he survives through Emporio Ivankov's Emporio Healing Hormone ability, which even with a slim chance of surviving had not only survived the endeavor, but made a recovery in twenty hours when the normal time for the healing procedure is two days. This was later shown with Basil Hawkins' "fortune telling" ability, as despite doing it multiple times, he could never get Luffy's chances of survival to reach 0.

Also, like Usopp and Sanji, he claims that he has never been ill during his life (which impressed Vivi).

Tactical Skills
While simple-minded by nature, Luffy can be a tactical genius in fighting. He also was able to develop new techniques such as "Gear Second", "Gear Third", and "Gear Fourth" using logical concepts and knowledge of rubber and its properties. While easily noticeable as the least strategic member of his own crew, largely due to his tendency to simply barge in head-first into battle (often without any kind of battle plan or even any knowledge of his opponent's abilities), Luffy is an extremely adaptive and resourceful combatant with incredible ingenuity. He is constantly coming up with ways to keep ahead of his foes, either by taking advantage of his own strength and Devil Fruit powers or utilizing the opponent's own strengths (along with their weaknesses) against them. This causes even warriors long considered unbeatable to have trouble keeping up.

Also, even if most of the time he acts instinctively, in some cases Luffy has shown to be intelligent enough to give some orders to his crewmates in the wake of making a strategy or simply making things go as he prefers. This usually ends up being an advantage for the crew.

Luffy can also be a clever thinker in times of immense danger. After learning that Magellan's poison could not penetrate the wax of the Wax-Wax Fruit, Luffy had Galdino create wax boxing gloves and leg armor that allowed him to fight Magellan for an extended period of time without being poisoned, being able to buy a significant amount of time for Jimbei to steal a warship which is crucial to their escape. When Magellan resorted to using a more deadly variant of his poison, Luffy had Galdino produce a makeshift barrier of wax which allowed him to use Gear Third to push Magellan back a considerable distance without being touched by the lethal poison. Finally, he exploited Ivankov's Hell Wink as an emergency escape measure that allowed him and many of the other prisoners to effectively escape from Magellan as well as the seemingly unbreakable prison of Impel Down.

After the timeskip, Luffy has demonstrated more intelligence during the heat of battle, such as when he was able to use Trafalgar Law's powers to his advantage and even fool Don Quixote Doflamingo into being swapped out so Luffy could land a blow on him. He also exploited Cracker's Devil Fruit abilities, making use of the immense hardness of Cracker's own Biscuit Soldiers to inflict massive damage on the latter.

Luffy enjoys using unorthodox methods. Before the operation to ruin Sanji and Pudding's wedding, Luffy requested Bege to place a mirror inside the wedding cake and used Brûlée's Devil Fruit powers to create numerous duplicates of himself before entering the wedding cake from the inside to destroy it. His plan proved to be extremely effective in creating a chaotic diversion in Big Mom's Tea Party. Even Bege was deeply impressed by Luffy's ingenuity.

To ensure his friends escape Whole Cake Island, Luffy took Katakuri inside the Mirro-World to battle him there. During his fight with Katakuri, Luffy realized Katakuri's weakness of losing his composure and took advantage of it by landing several blows on him after utilizing Gear Fourth. When his time limit was approaching, he ran from the Sweet Commander and captured Brûlée to use her power to escape the Mirro World while leaving his foe stranded. To elude the Big Mom Pirates and the Emperor herself, he used Brûlée's powers to travel from island to island as he devised a strategy to defeat Katakuri.

Fighting Style
"In battle, nothing is ever certain. In the Enies Lobby Incident, who could have predicted that Rob Lucci would have been defeated?"
 * —Kuma on Luffy's potential.

Luffy has extremely adept hand-to-hand combat skills, which were learned through practice from sparring matches with Ace and Sabo since childhood, supplemented with his physical prowess and the abilities of the Gum-Gum Fruit. Such skills allow him to defeat numerous enemies and even an entire army at once with great ease and Luffy even match Rob Lucci, an immensely powerful Six Powers master in one on one combat.

Unlike Zoro or Sanji, Luffy does not follow any particular code of honor, and so if necessary, he will attack women or animals, hit below the belt, attack his enemies even if they have their backs turned or are otherwise unprepared or unsuspecting, use enemies as human shields and even bite his opponents. While fighting, Luffy has been shown to be highly adept at improvising, and regularly comes up with creative counterattacks and unusual techniques to use against his enemies. This however leads both enemies and allies alike to wonder if Luffy is taking the fight seriously, especially when he comes up with ridiculous and over the top moves (like Crocodile when Luffy became Water Luffy), which prompts Luffy to respond that he's always serious.

When Luffy fights, he relies heavily on his instincts, which, interestingly enough, are mostly correct. Even as early as the Arlong Park Arc, after getting bitten he managed to escape with his arm still in one piece by slamming Arlong's head to loosen his jaw to get it out instead of simply pulling it. He picked out the real Mr. 3 from a bunch of wax look-a-likes on a hunch. He also destroyed Eneru's "Raigo" using the gold ball as a conductor, but according to Oda he had no real idea what he was doing and was acting out of instinct. Before even learning Observation Haki, Luffy could easily dodge any attack by relying on his instinct as shown in his battle against Eneru and Rob Lucci.

Another advantage is his unpredictability. Due to his unique, fun-loving, battle-ready personality, and his elastic physique, opponents (and even his allies) are caught off guard by his tactics. This trait has given people the impression of him being reckless, if not insane and keeps people second guessing.

During his childhood, Luffy had become competent with a staff, as he is seen using one against a variety of opponents. As a young adult, Luffy could use broken masts as a makeshift giant club to attack enemies such as Laboon and again when he faced off against the Admirals at Marineford. In the anime, Luffy could fend off knife attacks from Grount using a ladle as an improvised short staff.

After two years of training on Rusukania, Luffy's physical prowess and fighting skills tremendously improved. At Fish-Man Island, Luffy could swiftly take down Vander Decken IX while he was tied up. Combined with his new found skill in Haki, Luffy was able to briefly overpower Hordy, a monstrously strong fish-man who had been overdosed on Energy Steroids, and even sent him flying underwater with an Haki-enhanced punch. Another testament of his skills was defeating Hajrudin, a powerful Elbaf warrior in one punch, clash head to head and defeat Don Chinjao, a legendary pirate and master of Eight-Impact Fist. Luffy's skills also extends to sumo wrestling. He could easily match Urashima, a Yokozuna of immense strength, and defeat him with a single palm strike.

"Katakuri, your legendary undefeated record was broken by that little brat?"
 * —Oven on Katakuri's first loss against Luffy.

He even defeated two Sweet Commanders who were the most powerful members of the Big Mom Pirates, including Charlotte Katakuri, who is the second strongest member of the Big Mom Pirates with a bounty 1,057,000,000 berries who is legendary for being unbeatable in one on one combat. His intense battle with Katakuri also greatly improved his skills, as Luffy showed greater dexterity and skill in Wano, able to easily overpower multiple Gifters and samurais in an instant including the Headliner, Holdem.

Devil Fruit

 * Main article: Gum-Gum Fruit

The Gum-Gum Fruit (ゴムゴムの実, Gomu Gomu no Mi; literally meaning "Fruit of the Rubber-Rubber"), a Paramythia-type Devil Fruit, which is one of the rare and legendary ones that was eaten by Luffy, makes his body became like rubber, giving him the gained extraordinary ability powers to stretch and attack long distances, which is makeing him a Rubber Human (ゴム人間, Gomu Ningen).

Having undergone intense training for over ten years, Luffy is now able to supplement his stretching powers with immense strength, agility, and creativity in combat. His fighting style is largely improvised, and thus relies heavily on his Devil Fruit powers. It should also be noted that Luffy cannot automatically stretch his limbs out (like superheroes with stretching powers, (i.e: Mr. Fantastic or Plastic Man), and since his body acts much like an actual rubber band, he has to throw some force into his punches in order for his limbs to stretch out. It should be noted that he has somehow managed to do it automatically (much like the aforementioned superheroes) after the timeskip. However, he has been shown to be able to hold his limbs outstretched for a long period of time, as seen when he reaches his arm out about half a mile down to try and retrieve Usopp from falling through the Sea Clouds.

Luffy regularly uses his stretching powers in ingenious and creative ways, as he is able to use the malleable stretchiness and elasticity of his limbs to gain tremendous velocity, and hit his enemies with devastating impacts and blows. His rubber body is also extremely durable and virtually immune to blunt attacks such as bullets (in One Piece, bullets are still round pellets, except for Don Krieg's), punches, and electricity, more often than not, bouncing off his body harmlessly or canceling out the attack. It has even become a running gag that people find out the hard way that Luffy is made of rubber when they shoot at him, only to have the bullets bounce back at them.

Another running gag is that whenever Luffy's body is in a dangerous situation that would kill a normal person, he simply states that "he's made of rubber, so it's okay", or acts like it is a small problem despite that person trying to kill him, such as being shot in the heart. However, he is still normally susceptible to sharp objects such as swords and knives as well as nonphysical attacks like heat, cold, dehydration, and poison (though after the timeskip, Luffy has been shown a strong immunity to poison due to his fight against Magellan in Impel Down). Not only can he use his stretchiness to increase the range and strength of his attacks, but on some rare occasions he can also use his stretched limbs to help restrain and even control weaker foes like puppets (to fight for him).

Techniques
The named techniques that are used by Luffy that involve the Devil Fruit are as follows:
 * Gum-Gum Pistol (ゴムゴムのピストル, Gomu Gomu no Pisutoru; literally meaning "Pistol of the Gum-Gum"): This is one of Luffy's main and basic signature attacks; he first stretches his arm back then throws a devastating punch. In other words, it is more of a standard straight punch, augmented with the stretching. This attack can be used from short to long range. Luffy would typically increase the striking reach of fist by 'charging up' by means of first repeatedly swinging his un-stretched punching arm around before using the spinning force to both stretch his arm to its limits, and to maximize the hitting power. Its name comes from Luffy's claim to both Rex and Shanks and that his punching arm is "as powerful as a pistol!" The first version of this is seen when Luffy tried fighting against Ace and Sabo when he was a child but it kept failing. Ace asks for the point of his fruit, and Luffy replays the move in his head, saying it does not come out the way he wants. This was first successfully seen being used on the Lord of the Coast after ten years of training in the manga, while in the anime, it is first seen being used against Alvida. In the second version of Romance Dawn, Luffy used a technique similar in concept to this attack against Spiel.


 * Gum-Gum Rocket (ゴムゴムのロケット, Gomu Gomu no Roketto; literally meaning "Rocket of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy's main method of traveling over long distances fast. He stretches out one of his arms or both and grabs a handhold, then retracts them, projecting himself high into the air at high speeds, over great distances, or even into an opponent. This was first used back when Luffy was just a child, along with adoptive brothers Ace and Sabo, battling against the king of Mt. Colubo, a giant tiger. Trace had given this attack its name as seen when Luffy had launched Trace forward to attack the tiger in Episode 499. This technique is often times reckless especially if not done properly as Luffy could accidentally propel himself into a body of water or worse. Indeed, Luffy has little to no control after launching himself, being unable to change directions in mid-flight, and is only able to (barely) decelerate before landing. This was first seen being used to propel Luffy to get to the top of the Navy Base in Shells Town in the manga. In the anime, it was first seen being used to crash into Alvida's crew. This technique is also capable of landing devastating attacks against larger opponents as shown against Dorry. A humorous but reckless usage of this "attack" was accidentally against Ace and Smoker in a Restaurant, who are both Logia Users but did not have the reflex to counter the Rocket.


 * Gum-Gum Whip (ゴムゴムの鞭, Gomu Gomu no Muchi; literally meaning "Whip of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy stretches his leg and kicks in a wide circle, striking multiple foes. This was first seen being used against a group of Navy men in Shells Town.


 * Gum-Gum Hammer (ゴムゴムのハンマー, Gomu Gomu no Hanmā; literally meaning "Hammer of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy stretches out his arms while twisting them, then takes hold of his opponent. He then untwists them, rapidly spinning his opponent, while bringing him crashing to the floor. This was first seen being used against Richie after he and Mohji destroyed Chouchou's master's store.


 * Gum-Gum Balloon (ゴムゴムの風船, Gomu Gomu no Fūsen; literally meaning "Balloon of the Gum-Gum"): A technique where Luffy inflates himself rapidly through his mouth, further increasing his resistance to blunt attacks. With his inflated body, Luffy is capable of deflecting projectile attacks back at his attackers. This is not necessarily always an attack as Luffy can also use this technique for other purposes aside from deflecting projectiles such as escaping Smoker's White Vine technique or using himself as a cushion when his ship is in for a hard landing. This can also prevent Luffy from sinking under water, making him bounce off the surface. This was first seen being used against one of Buggy's cannonballs after Luffy insulted Buggy.


 * Gum-Gum Sickle (ゴムゴムの鎌, Gomu Gomu no Kama; literally meaning "Sickle of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy grabs an object behind his opponent and pulls himself towards them. He then stretches out his other arm and clotheslines straight at his opponent. This was first seen being used against Buggy.


 * Gum-Gum Bazooka (ゴムゴムのバズーカ, Gomu Gomu no Bazūka; literally meaning "Bazooka of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy stretches both his arms far back, and then hurls them forward, striking his opponent with both instantaneously with a double open palm strike with both hands, that frequently sends the recipient(s) flying off the other direction. This is usually used as a finishing move, he often prefers to do it at point-blank range, sometimes running up to his opponent as he's charging it. This was first seen being used to defeat Buggy.


 * Gum-Gum Gatling (ゴムゴムのガトリング, Gomu Gomu no Gatoringu; literally meaning "Gatling of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy uses his stretching ability to bring both of his fists forward repeatedly so fast in a blurry, rapid barrage of strong punches that creates the illusion of him having multiple arms all at once e, however in reality he does not actually grow more arms so he can still be stopped by an opponent fast enough (as Eneru, Rob Lucci and Usopp have demonstrated). This was first seen being used against a group of Black Cat Pirates after being accidentally hypnotized stronger by Django. The literal kanji reading is "juuranda" (lit. gun battering/wild strike); "randa" is the Japanese term for hitting and/or battering. In several of the video games, it is common to see Luffy finish off this move with an extra stretching strike, though it varies per game:
 * In the Grand Battle series, he finishes with a simple stretch punch akin to Gum-Gum Pistol.
 * In Battle Stadium D.O.N., Luffy finishes with a Gum-Gum Bullet (also he does so for his Gum Rush in Jump Super Stars and Jump Ultimate Stars; the former game of the three oddly has his arm fully stretched).
 * While in games such as the Pirate Warriors games and J-Stars Victory Vs., he performs a Gum-Gum Cannon that's more akin to a Gum-Gum Bazooka instead.
 * Armament Hardening: Gum-Gum Gatling (武装硬化 ゴムゴムのガトリング, Busō Kōka: Gomu Gomu no Gatoringu; literally meaning "Head Armament: Gatling of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy uses Armament Haki to harden his forehead and gives a powerful stretched headbutt to the opponent. A much stronger version of his standard Gum-Gum Bell attack that was able to shatter the iron shields of the New Merman Pirates' Iron Shell Squad.


 * Gum-Gum Spear (ゴムゴムのスピア, Gomu Gomu no Supia; literally meaning "Spear of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy holds his feet together (with the bottoms of each touching each other) and kicks with both simultaneously via his toes (giving off the image of an actual spearhead). This was first seen being used against Kuro after Luffy dodged his attack.


 * Gum-Gum Bell (ゴムゴムの鐘, Gomu Gomu no Kane; literally meaning "Bell of the Gum-Gum"): While latched onto an enemy, Luffy stretches his neck backwards, then snaps it back for a devastating head butt to the opponent's face. It is named for the fact that if one were to hit another's head hard enough, they could make them hear bells. This was first seen being used to defeat Kuro.
 * Head Armament: Gum-Gum Bell (頭武装 ゴムゴムの鐘, Atama Busō: Gomu Gomu no Kane; literally meaning "Head Armament: Bell of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy uses Armament Haki to harden his forehead and gives a powerful stretched headbutt to the opponent. A much stronger version of his standard Gum-Gum Bell attack that was able to shatter the iron shields of the New Merman Pirates' Iron Shell Squad.


 * Gum-Gum Slingshot (ゴムゴムのパチンコ, Gomu Gomu no Pachinko; literally meaning "Slingshot of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy grabs both hand and foot holds, then intercepts a projectile, stretching back and firing the projectile back at its origin. In the Warship Island Arc he used this move to stop a lot of Navy and throw them into the water. This was first seen being used against the cannonball that Fullbody fired at Luffy; whereas in the manga, Luffy bounced it back with a Gum-Gum Balloon.


 * Gum-Gum Giant Scythe (ゴムゴムの大鎌, Gomu Gomu no Ōgama; literally meaning "Scythe of the Gum-Gum"): Identical to Gum-Gum Fist attack, but except he uses both of arms for the rocket and then the clotheslining. This was first seen being used on a group of Krieg's pirates that were attacking the Baratie.


 * Gum-Gum Bullet (ゴムゴムのブレット, Gomu Gomu no Buretto; literally meaning "Bullet of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy first stretches only one of his arms, very far behind him while running forward, then reels or snaps it back to deliver a short-distance, one-fisted powerful blow straight to an opponent. This was first seen being used on Don Krieg.
 * Armament Hardening: Gum-Gum Bullet (武装硬化 ゴムゴムのブレット, Busō Kōka: Gomu Gomu no Buretto; literally meaning "Armament Hardening: Bullet of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy stretches one arm, far behind him while running, uses Armament Haki to harden the fist at the end of his stretched arm, then snaps it back to deliver a powerful short-distance, one-fisted blow to an opponent's abdomen. It was used to deal a crippling blow to Hodry Jones.


 * Gum-Gum Giant Hammer (ゴムゴムのギガントハンマー, Gomu Gomu no Giganto Hanmā; literally meaning "Giant Hammer of the Gum-Gum"): Similar to Gum-Gum Hammer, but he performs it using the feet and legs instead of hands and arms while in mid-air. He performed this while he was trapped inside Krieg's net, sending the latter crashing into Baratie's front porch. This was first used against Don Krieg.


 * Gum-Gum Pinwheel (ゴムゴムの風車, Gomu Gomu no Kazaguruma; literally meaning "Windmill/Pinwheel of the Gum-Gum"): A technique that was used once in the Arlong Arc. Luffy planted his feet into the ground to steady himself, then twisted his body around tightly. He then grabbed hold of Arlong's pet Momoo and unwound, spinning the Neptunian around rapidly to crush the Mermen surrounding him. After spinning around several times, Luffy then let go of Momoo and threw him far away. While it took out most of Arlong's Mermen, it however had the disadvantage of getting Luffy's feet stuck in the ground. This was first used against the Arlong Pirates. This rather reckless move was inspired by the sight of the pinwheel on top of Genzo's hat by Luffy. The Word "Kazaguruma" can be translated as either "windmill" or "pinwheel". Luffy also used an alternate version of this move where he merely twists his mid-section as he unwinds with both arms out to smack around himself 360 degrees; another version is also during his fight with Rob Lucci, where he simply grabs his target and twisting his mid-section before unwinding, and throwing his opponent. Both these alternate versions do not involve planting his feet on the ground prior.


 * Gum-Gum Shield (ゴムゴムの盾, Gomu Gomu no Tate; literally meaning "Shield of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy grabs the fingers of one hand with the other, and stretches them before his face to block blades that pass between the fingers. This was first seen being used on Arlong.


 * Gum-Gum Finger Net (ゴムゴムの指網, Gomu Gomu no Yubi Ami; literally meaning "Finger Net of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy entwines his fingers making a net like shape and then stretches out his fingers making a larger net in an attempt to trap his opponents. This was first seen being used on Arlong.


 * Gum-Gum Battle Axe (ゴムゴムの戦斧, Gomu Gomu no Ono; literally meaning "Battle Axe of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy stretches one leg high into the air, then brings it crashing down via a high-gravity stomp on an opponent or structure, for massive damage, strong enough to destroy large buildings and ships in a single hit. Usually when Luffy executes this attack, after stretching out his leg, he brings his foot down immediately below him, however sometimes (mainly in the anime and in the video games) he keeps his leg extended and brings it down, like a vertical version of Gum-Gum Whip. This was first seen being used to defeat Arlong. It was also used to destroy Crescent Moon Galley's ship in the First Romance Dawn although not named. The kanji's literal reading is "senpu" (lit. war axe), a Japanese term for a battleaxe, which contradicts the main reading of the attack as "ono" (which only refers to an axe by itself).


 * Gum-Gum Screw (ゴムゴムのネジ, Gomu Gomu no Neji; literally meaning "Screw of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy grabs onto a large, spinning object that is shot at him while holding onto a foothold, twists his arms and legs as if to do a Gum-Gum Giant Scythe while the force of the object propels him further to his ability's limit, then slams the object into a foe while spinning. This was first seen being used against Bear King in the second One Piece movie.


 * Gum-Gum Grab (ゴムゴムのグラブ, Gomu Gomu no Gurabu; literally meaning "Grab of the Gum-Gum"): A technique wherein Luffy stretches his arm out to catch something. This was first seen being used to catch what Luffy assumed to be fish. Instead of catching fish however, Luffy caught an unconscious Apis adrift on her boat. The recoil of this technique is somewhat reckless as Luffy's arm knocked Zoro off the Going Merry as Luffy reeled it back in.


 * Gum-Gum Suspension Bridge (ゴムゴムの吊橋, Gomu Gomu no Tsuibashi; literally meaning "Suspension Bridge of the Gum-Gum"): A technique wherein Luffy turns himself into a make-shift bridge by laying his rubber body across a gap. This was first seen being used to help Nami get across a wide gap in Warship Island.


 * Gum-Gum Lasso (ゴムゴムの投げ縄, Gomu Gomu no Nagenawa; literally meaning "Lasso of the Gum-Gum"): A technique wherein Luffy entwines himself around something, and then stretches his arm to grab an object. This was first seen being used when the Merry Go was going through a typhoon to get to the Lost Island. Luffy entwined his body to the ship's mast and stretched out his arm to lasso Ryu's raft.


 * Gum-Gum Flower Arrangement (ゴムゴムの生け花, Gomu Gomu no Ikebana; literally meaning "Flower Arrangement of the Gum-Gum"): A technique in which Luffy grabs hold of the Merry Go's mast and slams it into his opponent. This was first seen being used on Laboon. The name is derived from the fact that the way the mast is slammed resembles typical Japanese flower arrangements.


 * Gum-Gum Mallet (ゴムゴムの槌, Gomu Gomu no Tsuchi; literally meaning "Mallet of the Gum-Gum"): A technique that Luffy had to temporarily come up with while on Little Garden. Mr. 3 uses the powers of the Wax-Wax Fruit several times to wrap a large wax cylinder around Luffy's feet and then later arm. Instead of slowing Luffy down, Luffy actually uses the wax cylinder to his advantage. Using it like a hammer, he first destroyed the pole on Mr. 3's wax creation with a cylinder wrapped around his feet. Luffy had then later broke through Mr. 3's Candle Wall and pounded Mr. 3 himself with a cylinder on his arm. The cylinders that bound Luffy's feet and arm both broke upon impact.


 * Gum-Gum Stamp (ゴムゴムのスタンプ, Gomu Gomu no Sutampu; literally meaning "Stamp of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy stretches his leg out and hits his opponent with the bottom of his foot, leaving an imprint, or "stamp", of his sandal. This was first seen being used to finish off Mr. 3. Sometimes in a few instances, the aforementioned Gum-Gum Yari is performed akin to a Gum-Gum Stamp, only with both of Luffy's feet close together.
 * Gum-Gum Stamp Gatling (ゴムゴムのスタンプガトリング, Gomu Gomu no Sutanpu Gatoringu; literally meaning "Stamp Gatling of the Gum-Gum"): Similar to Gum-Gum Stamp, except he makes multiple strikes with his foot. This was first seen used at Navyford against the Three Admirals, crushing a mast frozen by Aokiji.


 * Gum-Gum Bowgun (ゴムゴムのボーガン, Gomu Gomu no Bōgan; literally meaning "Bowgun of the Gum-Gum"): At first of taking hold of his opponent from behind, Luffy repeatedly twists his torso vertically around his hips backwards before grasping them with his feet and then rapidly untwisting, creating a snapback that sends his opponent flying upwards. This was first seen being used against Wapol.


 * Gum-Gum Propeller (ゴムゴムのプロペラ, Gomu Gomu no Puropera; literally meaning "Propeller of the Gum-Gum"): Used against a giant sea bird only once in the anime, Luffy jumps into the air and does a Gum-Gum Hammer, with his hands grabbing the bird's beak to prevent it from attacking him, spinning the bird around in a cyclone before slamming down onto Merry Go's deck.
 * Propeller Wind Down: A continuation of the above technique, after spinning his opponent in one direction, he then spins them in the opposite direction, further disorienting them. It was first used against the giant, Lily Enstomach.


 * Gum-Gum Give Me Water (ゴムゴムの水くれ, Gomu Gomu no Mizu Kure; literally meaning "Give Me Water of the Gum-Gum"): Similar to Gum-Gum Rocket, except Luffy wraps the outstretched arm several times around the target before rocketing towards it. This was first seen being used to get onto Barbarbossa's ship in one of the Alabasta anime filler episodes.


 * Gum-Gum Sand Splitter (ゴムゴムの砂土割り, Gomu Gomu no Sadowari; literally meaning "Sand Splitter of the Gum-Gum"): While fighting on sandy terrain, Luffy outstretches his arm and skims the surface of the sand to uppercut the opponent from afar. This was first seen being used against Zolo in an Alabasta filler episode because Luffy went delusional from drinking cactus juice and thought that Zolo was Crocodile.


 * Gum-Gum Spring (ゴムゴムのゼンマイ, Gomu Gomu no Zenmai; literally meaning "Spring of the Gum-Gum"): Similar to Gum-Gum Rocket, however he wraps his arm around a round object multiple times, making it very firm, he then spins around the object then suddenly getting shot very far and high in the direction Luffy wants. This was first been seen trying to get out of the ruins that Zolo and Chopper fell down and Luffy who climbed down.


 * Gum-Gum No Way! (ゴムゴムのダメだ, Gomu Gomu no Dame Da!; literally meaning "No Way of the Gum-Gum"): A joke technique in which Luffy stretches his arm to keep objects away from others attempting to steal it. This was first seen being used to stop Usopp stealing his water given to him by Toto. In the anime it was used again in the Rainbow Mist filler arc. According to a fan poll, this is the twenty fourth favorite attack amongst fans with a total of 76 votes.


 * Gum-Gum Submarine (ゴムゴムの潜水艦, Gomu Gomu no Sensuikan; literally meaning "Submarine of the Gum-Gum"): Similar to Gum-Gum Blast, but his fist travels underground to uppercut the target.


 * Gum-Gum Munch-Munch (ゴムゴムのバクバク, Gomu Gomu no Baku Baku; literally meaning "Munch-Munch of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy stretches his mouth wide open, and attempts to bite or trap his opponent. This attack was named after and copied from Wapol's Munch-Munch Fruit powers. This technique was first seen being used against Crocodile.


 * Gum-Gum Buzzsaw (ゴムゴムの丸鋸, Gomu Gomu no Marunoko; literally meaning "Buzzsaw of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy grabs his opponent from afar with both arms and winds himself up like with a bow gun. He then kicks off from the ground and spins towards his opponent to deliver a powerful head butt. This was first seen being used against Crocodile after Luffy wet his own body with water.


 * Gum-Gum Shotgun (ゴムゴムのショットガン, Gomu Gomu no Shottogan; literally meaning "Buckshot of the Gum-Gum"): Starts off as an ordinary Pistol attack, after which Luffy "twangs" his stretched arm, causing his fist to connect multiple times. This was first seen being used against Crocodile after Luffy wet his own body with water. The kanji's literal reading for "shot/shotgun" is sandan (lit. scattering bullet), the Japanese term for a buckshot.


 * Gum-Gum Storm (ゴムゴムのストーム, Gomu Gomu no Sutōmu; literally meaning "Storm of the Gum-Gum"): An extremely powerful move and is easily one of Luffy's strongest attacks. Luffy first uses Gum-Gum Balloon and twists his body around tightly, then blows the air out behind him while untwisting to fly in forward while spinning towards an opponent, where he delivers a constant barrage of powerful punches similar to Gum-Gum Gatling, with power greatly enhanced by the momentum of his launch. This was first seen being used to defeat Crocodile. This attack was powerful enough to beat Crocodile through an extremely thick ceiling of solid bedrock and cause a huge earthquake in Alabasta, and then propel him several hundred feet into the air. This technique can be used going sideways, upwards towards airborn targets, and downwards while Luffy is airborne. According to a fan poll, this is the seventh favorite attack amongst fans with a total of 815 votes. In the video game One Piece: Unlimited Adventure, an alternate version of this move is seen where Luffy first jumps and twists himself right before inflating, making the move quicker and faster. The kanji's literal reading is "boufuu'u" (lit. raving wind rain), a Japanese term for a rainy storm aside from "arashi/ran" (嵐).


 * Gum-Gum Bungee Jump (ゴムゴムのバンジージャンプ, Gomu Gomu no Banjī Janpu; literally meaning "Bungee Jump of the Gum-Gum"): When holding really tightly onto a ledge while stretched, Luffy retracts his arm to pull him up while hopping along the wall.


 * Gum-Gum Grappling Hook (ゴムゴムの鉤縄, Gomu Gomu no Kaginawa; literally meaning "Grappling Hook of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy used this to make a way from his ship to another ship. He stretches his arm far to catch the Navy ship and retracts it, just like Gum-Gum Rocket.


 * Gum-Gum Mooring Line (ゴムゴムの艫綱, Gomu Gomu no Tomozuna; literally meaning "Stern Line of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy stretches both of his arms between the ship he is on and the one he wants to go to. By jumping off the ground, he is able to pull himself and passengers to the ship that he is holding onto.


 * Gum-Gum Warp (ゴムゴムのワープ, Gomu Gomu no Wāpu; literally meaning "Warp of the Gum-Gum"): A sort of joke move used in the Rainbow Mist. Since the phenomenon creates a wormhole-like effect, Luffy attempts to "rocket" out of it only to end up exactly where he started.


 * Gum-Gum Fireworks (ゴムゴムの花火, Gomu Gomu no Hanabi; literally meaning "Fireworks of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy jumps into the air and spins horizontally around rapidly. Then he unleashes a flurry of punches and kicks that go in every direction due to the spinning motion.


 * Gum-Gum Space-Out... (ゴムゴムのボー, Gomu Gomu no Bō...; literally meaning "Space Out of the Gum-Gum"): A technique in which Luffy 'switches off' his conscious mind, allowing him to avoid attacks entirely on instinct. This made him immune to Eneru's mind-reading Mantra ability. The disadvantage is that he can neither think nor attack in this state.


 * Gum-Gum Octopus (ゴムゴムのたこ, Gomu Gomu no Tako; literally meaning "Octopus of the Gum-Gum"): A technique in which Luffy makes his appendages go limp that they resemble the tentacles of an octopus


 * Gum-Gum Octopus Fireworks (ゴムゴムのたこ花火, Gomu Gomu no Tako Hanabi; literally meaning "Octopus Fireworks of the Gum-Gum"): Much like Gum-Gum Fireworks except, due to the previous move, Gum-Gum Octopus, his limbs bounce off of walls without losing speed. Because his limbs are limp, Luffy can't predict or control where they will go if they ricochet off of an object, much less the unlucky opponent(s). This is completely advantageous against a Mantra ability user as they also can't predict where Luffy's punches and kicks would come at them.


 * Gum-Gum Rifle (ゴムゴムのライフル, Gomu Gomu no Raifuru; literally meaning "Rotating Bullet of the Gum-Gum"): Similar to the Gum-Gum Bullet, but Luffy twists his arm around as he stretches it behind him and hits the opponent at close range, massively increasing the velocity of the punch as twisting the arm stretches the arm even further without having to draw it back any longer which also saves the amount of time the kick-back takes. This was first seen being used against Eneru. According to a fan poll, this is the twenty first favorite amongst fans with a total of 85 votes. The kanji's literal reading is "kaitendama/kaitendan", and it references the spin a rifle normally applies when it fires a bullet.


 * Gum-Gum Fireworks: Golden Peony (ゴムゴムの花火・黄金牡丹, Gomu Gomu no Hanabi: Ōgon Botan; literally meaning "Golden Peony of the Gum-Gum"): During Luffy's fight with Eneru, he encased Luffy's arm in a Golden Ball he created by melting some gold with his Gloam Paddling technique. With this, Eneru hoped to hinder Luffy's actions as he tossed him overboard the Maxim. Luffy however, despite burdened with this huge cumbersome object, was able to still move about and use his burden to his advantage in two techniques that he had to temporarily come up with. The first of these is Gum-Gum Fireworks: Golden Peony. It is the same as Gum-Gum Fireworks, but with the Golden Ball attached to his arm. This technique was used against Eneru's Raigo. By swinging the Golden Ball around, Luffy was able to use it as a conductor to destroy the storm cloud. The lightning all zapped through the ball and was discharged. According to Oda in a response to a fan in a SBS, Luffy himself did not exactly know what he was doing when he did this technique. According to a fan poll, this is the nineteenth most favorite attack amongst fans with a total of 111 votes. A (tree) peony is a type of flower known as the Paeonia suffruticosa, or a moutan; however, the kanji for "botan" can also translate to "wild boar meat".


 * Gum-Gum Golden Rifle (ゴムゴムの黄金ライフル, Gomu Gomu no Ōgon Raifuru; literally meaning "Golden Rotating Bullet of the Gum-Gum"): The same as Gum-Gum Rifle but with the Golden Ball attached to his arm. This move possesses much more speed than a regular Gum-Gum Rifle in that it creates a massive sonic boom when used. After destroying Eneru's Raigo with the Golden Ball, Luffy used this technique to defeat Eneru and ring the Golden Bell of Shandora. This was so fast that even though Eneru's Mantra ability could detect it, this was too fast for Eneru to avoid. With this technique, Luffy was also able to break the Golden Ball encasing his arm as the ball hit the bell. According to a fan poll, this is the thirteenth most favorite attack amongst fans with a total of 327 votes. The kanji's literal reading is "Ougon Kaitendama/Kaitendan".


 * Gum-Gum Home Run (ゴムゴムのホームラン, Gomu Gomu no Hōmuran; literally meaning "Home Run of the Gum-Gum"): Used in King of Pirate Baseball featurette. Luffy first hits a baseball with his fist. Next, he twists his body around with Gum-Gum Pinwheel. Luffy finally unwinds his body making the ball fly out of his fist and making a home run.


 * Gum-Gum Top (ゴムゴムの独楽, Gomu Gomu no Koma; literally meaning "Top of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy wraps an outstretched arm several times around a target, then pulls his arm away suddenly, causing the target to spin out of control. This was first seen being used against Foxy's Gorilla Puncher #13 in an anime filler episode.


 * Gum-Gum Cannon (ゴムゴムのキャノン, Gomu Gomu no Kyanon; literally meaning "Cannon of the Gum-Gum"): This is one of Luffy's more advance and arguably strongest techniques, where he first stretches both his arms far back, then snaps them back to deliver a really long and super fast barrage series of quick punches. This was first seen being used against and defeat one of the Franky Family's "Herculean Destroyers". Luffy also has an alternate version of this move, where he first builds up speed with a long series of quick punches similar to Gum-Gum Gatling, stopping just short of the target(s) at first, and finishes with a single double-fisted/palm blow similar to Bazooka. A powerful technique that can pierce strong armor, and, in combination with Zolo's Three-Swords Style, devastating enough to puncture a hole through a massive tidal wave. The kanji's literal reading is originally "koujouhou"; "koujou" (lit. attacking castle) is the Japanese term for a siege. In several video games (such as in the Pirate Warriors series and J-Stars Victory Vs.), Luffy performs this attack at the end of his Gum-Gum Gatling or any other similar moves, only it acts more akin to a Gum-Gum Bazooka in those cases.


 * Gum-Gum Ally Robot (ゴムゴムの味方ロボ, Gomu Gomu no Mikata Robo; literally meaning "Ally Robo of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy wraps his arms around a person's limbs in order to manipulate their movements.
 * Ally Robot Punch (味方ロボパンチ, Mikata Robo Panchi; literally meaning "Ally Robo Punch"): Luffy uses his "Ally Robot" to punch an opponent.
 * Ally Robot Kick (味方ロボキック, Mikata Robo Kikku; literally meaning "Ally Robo Kick"): Luffy uses his "Ally Robot" to kick an opponent.


 * Gum-Gum Volcano (ゴムゴムの火山, Gomu Gomu no Kazan; literally meaning "Volcano of the Gum-Gum"): Similar to Gum-Gum Axe, except Luffy's foot is stretched upwards to break through a roof. This was first seen being used against the Navy at Enies Lobby.


 * Gum-Gum Billy Club (ゴムゴムの十手, Gomu Gomu no Jutte; literally meaning "Ten Hands of the Gum-Gum"): While wielding a jutte, Luffy uses Gum-Gum Gatling. Used in the fourth one-hour special, against the Buggy family and later Hachi. This is also a pun that can mean "ten-hands" as well as referring the weapon used. Hachi comments on this as being "outnumbered" compared to his six swords style.


 * Gum-Gum Twin Pistol (ゴムゴムのツインピストル, Gomu Gomu no Tsuin Pistoru; literally meaning "Twin  Pistol of the Gum-Gum"): Basically Luffy's normal Pistol attack, only with both of his arms instead. This was first seen used against Campacino and Brindo. Unlike his normal Pistol attack however, there is no kanji written for this attack.


 * Gum-Gum 100,000 Degree Bazooka (ゴムゴムの百万度バズーカ, Gomu Gomu no Hyakuman-do Bazūka; literally meaning "1,000,000 Degree Bazooka of the Gum-Gum"): Basically a regular Gum-Gum Bazooka technique that was used by Luffy against Don Accino. The technique differs a little from a regular Bazooka technique, however at the moment of impact, Luffy continued applying force to the attack despite his hands being burned by the powers of Don Accino's Devil Fruit, the Hot-Hot Fruit. As a result, Luffy was able practically use Accino's own Devil Fruit powers against him by allowing the heat being accumulated into his arms as he maintains contact with the Don's body to build-up. Thus allowing Luffy to send Accino flying away into his house, Lovely Land.


 * Gum-Gum Belly Talk (ゴムゴムのハラギ, Gomu Gomu no Haragi; literally meaning "Belly Dance of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy uses Gum-Gum Balloon and draws a face on his expanded belly and moves it while he dances. In the manga, this move was not named. This joke technique was used in the Kuja's dinner celebration.


 * Gum-Gum Ricochet (ゴムゴムのリコチェット, Gomu Gomu no Rikochetto; literally meaning "Ricochet of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy uses both of his arms and legs to rapidly having them bouncing on the surface of the area to attack multiple opponents, similar to Gum-Gum Octopus Fireworks. This is first seen against the other Impel Down guards, while trying to rescue Ace.


 * Gum-Gum Rain (ゴムゴムの雨, Gomu Gomu no Ame; literally meaning "Rain of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy jumps into the air and performs a strong, rapid-fire punching attack while spinning. Similar to Gum-Gum Storm, except without inflating himself beforehand, and he punches while descending like rain. It was first seen being used on gaolers of Impel Down. This technique was actually first mentioned by a fan in an earlier SBS, with the key differences of rather than jumping, he propels himself using the same method as Gum-Gum Storm, and rather than punching the enemy, Luffy spits at them.


 * Gum-Gum Human Shield (ゴムゴムの身代り, Gomu Gomu no Migawari; literally meaning "Scapegoat of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy avoids from getting hurt from his opponent by first grabbing someone else around him and use them as a human shield. This was first seen used against Dracule Mihawk's Night, with Buggy as the shield. Buggy is not harmed due to his Devil Fruit ability, but it does not make him any happier about it. The Gear Second version of this attack was first seen before this normal version made its debut.


 * Gum-Gum Snake Shot (ゴムゴムのスネークショット, Gomu Gomu no Sunēku Shotto; literally meaning "Snake Gun of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy uses his Cursed Fruit abilities to launch his arm in a swerving snake-like movement and grasp the enemy with an open hand gripping hard enough to cause great pain. Snake shot is a type of lead shot, it is very small, fits typically into a cartridge, and is generally used to shoot at snakes, rodents, and other small animals at very close range.


 * Gum-Gum Fire Salute (ゴムゴムのお礼ファイア, Gomu Gomu no Orei Faia; literally meaning "Thank You Gun Salute of the Gum-Gum"): A stronger counter version of Gum-Gum Balloon, Luffy first absorbs the gunshots the way he does normally and then accurately rebounds the bullets right back at the enemy with twice the power as when they hit him. When he used this technique, Luffy put the thumb and forefinger of each hand together to form a rectangle with a crosshair similar to Chopper's Scope ability.


 * Gum-Gum Pinball (ゴムゴムのピンボール, Gomu Gomu no Pinbōru; literally meaning "Pinball of the Gum-Gum"): Much like Gum-Gum Octopus Fireworks except, uffy uses both of his arms and legs to rapidly having them bouncing on the surface of an entire room to attack multiple opponents. This was first used against some of Caesar Clown's subordinates.


 * Gum-Gum UFO (ゴムゴムのUFO, Gomu Gomu no Yūfō; literally meaning "UFO of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy twists back his legs midair, and lets them go, causing them to spin around and around horizontally similar to a discus, occasionally lashing out with his legs and kicking anyone within reach. Using this technique seems to allow him to hover a few feet off the ground and also seems to have a cutting affect. This was first used against some of Caesar Clown's subordinates.


 * Gum-Gum Octopus Stamp (ゴムゴムのタコスタンプ, Gomu Gomu no Tako Sutanpu; literally meaning "Octopus Stamp of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy hardens his legs, down to and including his sandals, and kicks in a manner similar to Gum-Gum Stamp Gatling. This technique was first used in the fight against Doflamingo and the controlled Bellamy, when Luffy was down on the ground with his hands tied behind his back.

Techniques
The named techniques that are used by Luffy that involve this state are as follows:
 * Water-Water Pistol (水水のピストル, Mizu Mizu no Pistoru; literally meaning "Pistol/Gun of the Water-Water"): By drinking a barrel of water and becoming "Water Luffy", Luffy pumps water into his mouth with his arms before he spits spheres of water at his opponent. This was first seen being used against Crocodile. Aside from Luffy's regular Devil Fruit techniques enhanced by water while in this form, this is the only named technique used by Luffy unique to this form.

Techniques
The named techniques that are used by Luffy that involve this state are as follows:
 * Gum Hook (ゴムフック, Gomu Hokku): Luffy launches an elongated hook, which can hit the enemy’s back due to his stretching ability. This was first used against Foxy.


 * Gum-Gum Flail (ゴムゴムのフレイル, Gomu Gomu no Fureiru; literally meaning "Flail of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy swings one arm in a circle at high speed, then drives his fist into his opponent. This was first used against Foxy.

Techniques
The named techniques that are used by Luffy that involve this state are as follows:
 * Gum-Gum Pistol (ゴムゴムのピストル, Gomu Gomu no Pisutoru; literally meaning "Pistol of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy's signature attack, a straight forward punch augmented by his elasticity stretching powers. As Nightmare Luffy, its strength is further augmented. In the game Unlimited Cruise, Nightmare Luffy adds momentum to this attack by spinning his arm around before "firing" the fist.


 * Gum-Gum Storm (ゴムゴムのストーム, Gomu Gomu no Sutōmu; literally meaning "Storm of the Gum-Gum"): One of Luffy's more powerful attacks, by inflating himself and then twisting his body, and using the momentum of untwisting and exhaling to release a massive barrage of fists upwards. As Nightmare Luffy, he uses an alternate version of the normal technique of the maneuver by twisting himself and then shoots himself sideways and hits Oars with a barrage of fists, all of which are far more powerful than his normal form. In the game Unlimited Cruise, Nightmare Luffy performs yet another alternative version by jumping upwards and launching the fists downwards.

Gears
By taking advantage of the unique physical abilities granted by his Devil Fruit, Luffy has invented techniques that augment his speed and strength in different ways, though each one also has corresponding physical drawbacks. He refers to these techniques as Gears.

Gear Second

 * Main article: Gear Second

Gear Second (ギア･セカンド, Gia Sekando) is where Luffy uses his legs to pump blood throughout his body at a much faster rate. Activating Gear Second also uses a lot of stored energy from his body. Leaving his body exhausted, his heart rate also increases to levels that are normally impossible. His veins are able to withstand this since they are made of rubber, thanks to the Gum-Gum Fruit. In this form, Luffy gains a considerable boost in speed and strength.

During the Enies Lobby Arc, Rob Lucci mentions that this ability is similar to steroids because his muscles are receiving enough blood to do things otherwise impossible. Rob Lucci also noted that Gear Second does damage to Luffy's own body and in turn drastically reduces his stamina and his lifespan begins to diminish due to prolonged use.

Luffy first discovers this Gear unofficially in the 7th Fairy One Piece Tail Movie, where he has a large mechanical arm falling on him, he catches it, and the impact exerts extreme force on Luffy's legs, causing him to unintentionally pump up blood at an accelerated rate to perform Gear Second and use the "Gum-Gum Jet Bazooka" (though he simply refers to is as a normal "Gum-Gum Bazooka") to defeat a giant robotic battlesuit.

After the timeskip, it appears that Luffy has gained enough control over his Gear Second form, that he is able to use it in a single limb rather than his whole body. This, in conjunction with his Armament Haki, was able to take out a Pacifista with a single punch, something that took the entire Straw Hat crew to do before the timeskip. His strength in this form has also increased to the point where he could knock over a large creature like Wadatsumi with a single "Gum-Gum Jet Pistol", breaking one of the giant mermen's teeth clean. Luffy can use Armament Haki combined with Gear Second to perform "Gum-Gum Red Hawk", which causes his fist to ignite into flames. It seems that Luffy has become far more adept with this gear as he has been using Gear Second attacks much more frequently than before the timeskip.

Techniques
The named techniques that are used by Luffy that involve this Gear are as follows:
 * Gum-Gum Jet Pistol (ゴムゴムのジェットピストル, Gomu Gomu no Jetto Pisutoru; literally meaning "Jet Pistol of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy delivers a Gum-Gum Pistol so fast that the fist's movement is invisible, and it truly seems like he shoots his opponent, except that the resulting impact is not akin to an actual pistol, but to a small hand-held cannon and powerful enough to propel the unlucky recipient several meters away. The incredible speed both makes the strike far more powerful, and harder to dodge. When using this technique, he points his other hand out to aim at his target. This was first seen being used against Blueno.


 * Gum-Gum Jet Stamp (ゴムゴムのジェットスタンプ, Gomu Gomu no Jetto Sutanpu; literally meaning "Jet Stamp of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy delivers a Gum-Gum Stamp, with the same effect as the Jet Pistol. This was first seen being used against Blueno.


 * Gum-Gum Jet Rifle (ゴムゴムのジェットライフル, Gomu Gomu no Jetto Raifuru; literally meaning "Jet Rotating Bullet of the Gum-Gum"): A Gear Second version of Luffy's Gum-Gum Rifle technique that first appeared in the anime. The winding of the original Rifle along with its snapback happening almost at the same time as Luffy speeds towards the target makes this move impossible to evade. This was first seen in the anime being used against Blueno.


 * Gum-Gum Jet Lance (ゴムゴムのジェット, Gomu Gomu no Jetto Ransu; literally meaning "Jet Lance/Spear of the Gum-Gum"): A Gear Second technique that first appeared in the anime, however time after, Luffy makes the same move with its official name. Luffy delivers a very fast Gum-Gum Spear that seems to connect instantly with his opponent. This was first seen in the anime being used against Blueno. Unlike the original Spear, the English name is read as "lance" instead of "spear", despite the two techniques having the same lone kanji (槍).


 * Gum-Gum Jet Missile (ゴムゴムのジェットミサイル, Gomu Gomu no Jetto Misairu; literally meaning "Jet Missile of the Gum-Gum"): A Gear Second technique that first appeared in the anime. Luffy stretches and grabs onto an enemy's body. Then, he very quickly retracts, crashing into the foe (making it a stronger version of Gum-Gum Rocket). This was first seen in the anime being used against Blueno.


 * Gum-Gum Jet Bazooka (ゴムゴムのジェットバズーカ, Gomu Gomu no Jetto Bazūka; literally meaning "Jet Bazooka of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy charges at his opponent at high speed, and delivers an incredibly fast and strong Gum-Gum Bazooka. This was first seen being used against Blueno. It was apparently powerful enough to break through Blueno's strongest Iron Body technique, Iron Body Strength, as well as Boa Marigold's Armament Haki-enforced guard. During the battle against Moria in his Shadow's Asgard form, Luffy demonstrated being able to use this move to propel himself from mid-air, allowing him to perform this attack continuously.


 * Gum-Gum Jet Whip (ゴムゴムのジェットウィップ, Gomu Gomu no Jetto Wippu; literally meaning "Jet Whip of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy delivers a Gum-Gum Whip, so fast, that only the slipstream is visible. This was first seen being used against Rob Lucci in order to protect Franky from him. Unlike the original Muchi, the kanji is alternately read in English instead of Japanese.


 * Gum-Gum Jet Axe (ゴムゴムのジェットアックス, Gomu Gomu no Jetto Akkusu; literally meaning "Jet Axe of the Gum-Gum"): A Gear Second technique that first appeared in the anime. Luffy stretches his leg vertically and then crashes it down on his opponent, unlike the usual version however, rather than merely smashing his foot into the enemy the speed at which it is done is so quick that rather than attacking the area directly in front of him, his Jet Axe strikes several meters in length, thus increasing its range. This was first seen in the anime being used against Lucci. Unlike the original Gum-Gum Battle Axe, not only is the attack read in English, but it removes the "sen" (battle/war) kanji (戦).


 * Gum-Gum Jet Bullet (ゴムゴムのジェットブレット, Gomu Gomu no Jetto Buretto, literally meaning "Jet (Gun) Bullet of the Gum-Gum"): An extremely fast, close-range punch with very great force. When attacking head-on, the stretching of the original Bullet along with the resulting snapback seem to occur almost simultaneously at once, making it virtually inescapable. This was first seen being used against Rob Lucci.


 * Gum-Gum Twin Jet Pistol (ゴムゴムのツインジェットピストル, Gomu Gomu no Tsuin Jetto Pisutoru; literally meaning "Twin Jet Pistol of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy punches with both arms simultaneously. Visually, the move only differs from his normal Gum-Gum Bazooka in that instead of doing an open palm strike, he has clenched fists which leave two knuckle shaped imprints on his foe. As since the move hit so fast, the air from it really looks like Luffy is literally firing two pistols. This was first seen being used against Rob Lucci and is one of the few moves unique to Gear Second (unless the anime-only regular "Gum-Gum Twin Pistol" is included).


 * Gum-Gum Jet Gatling (ゴムゴムのジェットガトリング, Gomu Gomu no Jetto Gatoringu; literally meaning "Jet Gun Battering of the Gum-Gum"): This is one of Luffy's strongest techniques in Gear Second. Luffy stands still, bends forward and moves his arms upwards at speeds which they can no longer be seen, leaving only jet streams in their place, very much like how the Jet Pistol looks. This results in an effect comparable to that of Foxy's Nine-Tailed Rush, except that Luffy does not need to make use of Slowmo Photons to slow down his target in order to accumulate the hits. The hits land so fast that, after a volley, they seemingly connect simultaneously. The circles of air bursts from the punches surrounding Luffy, resemble the many barrels of an actual Gatling gun. However, due to the large amount of energy it uses, Luffy cannot sustain it for long, although the time it is used is longer than the regular Gatling. During his fight against the combined efforts of Marigold and Sandersonia, Luffy demonstrated an omnidirectional version of this move by falling on his back, then, while lying down, launches a rapid barrage of powerful high-speed punches from the ground, effectively nullifying both sister's attacks. This was first used to defeat Rob Lucci.


 * Gum-Gum Jet Rocket (ゴムゴムのジェットロケット, Gomu Gomu no Jetto Roketto; literally meaning "Jet Rocket of the Gum-Gum"): A Gear Second version of Luffy's Gum-Gum Rocket technique. After grabbing onto something with stretched out arms, Luffy instantly propels himself forward with blinding speed. This was first seen being used against Moria.


 * Gum-Gum Giant Jet Shell (ゴムゴムの巨人のギガント・ジェットシェル, Gomu Gomu no Gigant Jetto Sheru; literally meaning "Giant Jet Shell of the Gum-Gum"): This was Luffy's strongest technique at the time. While he is still in Gear Second, Luffy goes into Gear Third with Bone Balloon. With the combination of Gear Second's high speed and Gear Third's air within his bones, Luffy launches his air filled body and rams into an opponent like a large cannonball. This move is quite reckless, as Luffy suffers both from the excess burn on his body from Gear Second, and the difficulty of moving his body from Gear Third. This was first seen being used against Gecko Moria while he is in his Shadow's Asgard form. The literal kanji reading is "Kyodai no JET Houdan", with "houdan" being a Japanese term for a gun shell.


 * Gum-Gum Jet Human Shield (ゴムゴムのジェット身代り, Gomu Gomu no Jetto Migawari; literally meaning "Jet Scapegoat of the Gum-Gum"): Somewhat more of a gag move where Luffy stretches his arms to grab a person (an ally, an opponent, or otherwise a simple bystander) from afar then pulls them close to where he is to block an attack that Luffy would otherwise be incapable of surviving on his own. Using his Gear Second's speed, Luffy can capture himself a shield very quickly. He has a normal (non-Gear Second) variant of this move where Luffy just sends the recipient spinning towards the assaulter to preoccupy them as he makes his escape. This was first seen being used by Luffy on Buggy, using the latter as a human shield against Dracule Mihawk.


 * Gum-Gum Red Hawk (ゴムゴムのレッドホーク, Gomu Gomu no Reddo Hōku; literally meaning "Fire Pistol of the Gum-Gum"): A Haki enhanced version of Gum-Gum Jet Bullet. After entering Gear Second, Luffy uses Armament Haki to harden his arm entering in Gear Second Hardening. He then stretches it back like Gum-Gum Pistol. When cocked back, his arm ignites, releasing a stream of fire. When the attack hits, it creates a fiery explosion even underwater and deals immense damage. The Redhawk is a type of revolver that was made by the gun manufacturer Ruger, and the kanji name of this attack (literal reading is "hikenjuu") that pays tribute to Ace's Fire Fist (火拳銃, Hiken; means both "Fire Pistol" and "Fire Fist Gun"); the anime furthers this tribute by showing a flash of Ace when Luffy used this technique. This was first used against Hordy Jones in his transformed state after the air bubble engulfed Noah. However, chronologically, it was first shown in use, almost instinctively (Luffy was shown surprised after he made such a move), during the TV special 3D2Y, in Luffy's final fight against Byrnndi World.


 * Gum-Gum Hawk Gatling (ゴムゴムのホークライフル, Gomu Gomu no Hōku Raifuru): A more Haki enhanced version of Gum-Gum Jet Rifle. After entering Gear Second, Luffy uses Armament Haki to harden his arm. He twists his arm to create a spinning punch and increase the power. This was first used against Chinjao at Corrida Colosseum, and was sufficiently powerful to make Chinjao bleed, despite the fact that Chinjao was using Armament Haki on his stomach to minimize the damage. Unlike the prior versions, the "rifle" part is not written in kanji.


 * Gum-Gum Eagle Bazooka (ゴムゴムのイーグルバズーカ, Gomu Gomu no Īguru Bazūka): A Haki-enhanced version of Gum-Gum Jet Bazooka. Luffy hardens his arms with Armament Haki and stretches them both backwards. The arms then deliver a great impact to the opponent after Luffy blasts them forwards. This was first used against Don Quixote Doflamingo. The 'Eagle' in the technique's name is possibly derived from the semi-automatic pistol, the IMI Desert Eagle. The literal kanji reading for "eagle" is normally "washi", or "shuu".


 * Gum-Gum Hawk Whip (ゴムゴムのホークウィップ, Gomu Gomu no Hōku Wippu): A more Haki-enhanced version of Gum-Gum Jet Whip. Luffy imbues his entire leg with Armament Haki, and then swipes it towards the target as an elongated kick. This was first used against Don Quixote Doflamingo. Though in the anime, Luffy used this move without entering Gear Second. The literal kanji reading is "takamuchi" or "you'ben", and just like Jet Whip the kanji is spoken/read in English unlike the original Gum-Gum Whip.

Gear Third

 * Main article: Gear Third

Gear Third (ギア･サード, Gia Sādo) is where Luffy pumps air through his bones to make them literally gigantic. Obviously, only Luffy can do such a thing by using the Gum-Gum Fruit. Used with his already-strong physiology, this apparently gives his arm more mass and a larger area to attack with far greater force, but he sacrifices mobility for this strength, as his limbs are now so large that Luffy has extreme trouble about moving around unless he is in his Baloon form.

Another after effect of this is that Luffy is reduced to child-sized proportions, the duration of which is equal to the time he spent in Gear Third. Also, he is able to use both gears at the same time which he uses to defeat Gecko Moria. The Gear Third technique is first hinted at during Luffy's fight with Blueno, and first used, but not shown when Luffy is chasing Lucci Rob and Spandam, but is not seen until a later battle with Lucci Rob.

After the timeskip, Luffy's Gear Third is vastly improved upon. Previously, Gear Third would increase the size of the majority of Luffy's arm, thus reducing the speed of the attack in exchange for a powerful impact. However post-timeskip Luffy can seemingly control where the air is allowed to "sit" within his limbs, where his fist becomes large but allows a large mass to form behind the fist as the equivalent of the mass he would have achieved having his arm fully inflated. This allows a majority of Luffy's arm to remain as it is, allowing him to stretch it, thus allowing him to attack much faster than before the two-year absence.

Luffy is also shown capable of using Gear Third at the same time as Armament Haki, causing his arm to turn black and harden, with his arm in the ocean (which would normally drain a Curséd Fruit user of their power). While he is still affected by the ocean, he lands a punch which knocks an attacking Kraken out on the way to Mermen Island. Luffy is confirmed to have overcome his weakness of shrinking when deactivating this Gear, after inflating both his arms and using "Gum-Gum Elephant Gun" on Noah for a prolonged period of time and not turning into his chibi form.


 * When Luffy reverts to his chibi form, his clothes, including his straw hat, change relative to his actual size. When Luffy moves his mass throughout his body, however, his clothes remain the same size. This appears to be the same throughout every one of Luffy's mass increases, per example his "Nightmare Luffy" form.

Techniques
The named techniques that are used by Luffy that involve this Gear are as follows:
 * Bone Balloon (骨風船, Hone Fūsen): Luffy inflates his body by blowing air into his bones. This is done by biting into his right thumb, presumably cutting it open down to the bone, and then blowing air directly into the opened bone. This technique seems to give Luffy a sturdier defense than the regular balloon, since bullets now ricochet off of him instead of bouncing off of him. Due to this form having a disadvantage of moving about, he can transfer his air into his torso, and then launch himself with his "Gum-Gum Rocket" technique. This was first fully shown in Luffy's battle against Rob Lucci.


 * Gum-Gum Giant Pistol (ゴムゴムのギガント･ピストル, Gomu Gomu no Giganto Pistoru; literally meaning "Giant Pistol/Gun of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy delivers a Gum-Gum Pistol with extreme force due to the larger size of his fist. This was first fully seen being used against Rob Lucci. Its sheer power was able to fling him from the Bridge of Hesitation on to a Buster Call Battleship. The kanji's literal reading is "Kyodai no Juu".


 * Gum-Gum Giant Rocket (ゴムゴムのギガント･ロケット, Gomu Gomu no Giganto Rokketo; literally meaning "Giant Rocket of the Gum-Gum"): A Gear Third version of Luffy's normal Gum-Gum Rocket. While using this move, Luffy's chest bones are inflated, and bullets ricochet off his body. This was first seen being used to propel Luffy onto a Buster Call battleship in pursuit of Rob Lucci.


 * Gum-Gum Giant Axe (ゴムゴムのギガント･アックス, Gomu Gomu no Giganto Akkusu; literally meaning "Giant Axe of the Gum-Gum"): A Gum-Gum Battle Axe with even more power due to his enlarged foot and leg. This was first seen being used against Rob Lucci. Its sheer power is able to damage and create a hole in the deck of a Buster Call Battleship. The kanji's literal reading is "Kyodai no Ono", and like the Jet version of Battle Axe, it lacks the "sen" (war) kanji (戦).


 * Gum-Gum Giant Whip (ゴムゴムのギガント･ウィップ, Gomu Gomu no Giganto Wippu; literally meaning "Giant Whip of the Gum-Gum"): Gum-Gum Whip with more power due to his enlarged foot and leg. This was first seen being used against Rob Lucci. Its sheer power is able to damage the mast of a Buster Call Battleship. In the anime, Luffy used a haki-infused version against Doflamingo. The literal kanji reading is "Kyodai no Muchi".


 * Gum-Gum Giant Bazooka (ゴムゴムのギガント･バズーカ, Gomu Gomu no Giganto ; literally meaning "Giant Bazooka of the Gum-Gum"): A Gear Third version of Luffy's Gum-Gum Bazooka attack. To create this attack, Luffy inflates both his arms by biting both his thumbs and blowing into them. With both his arms inflated to large proportions, Luffy then delivers the attack onto an opponent the same way he regularly does with a normal Gum-Gum Bazooka attack, except with much greater power. This was first seen being used against Oars to break his spine.


 * Gum-Gum Giant Jet Shell (ゴムゴムのギガント・ジェットシェル, Gomu Gomu no Gigant Jetto Sheru; literally meaning "Giant Jet Shell of the Gum-Gum"): This was Luffy's strongest technique ever made at the time. While he is still in Gear Second, Luffy goes into Gear Third with Bone Balloon. With the combination of Gear Second's high speed and Gear Third's air within his bones, Luffy launches his air filled body and rams into an opponent like a large cannonball. This move is quite reckless, as Luffy suffers both from the excess burn on his body from Gear Second, and the difficulty of moving his body from Gear Third. This was first seen being used against Gecko Moria while he is in his Shadow's Asgard form. The literal kanji reading is "Kyodai no JET Houdan", with "houdan" being a Japanese term for a gun shell.


 * Gum-Gum Giant Rifle (ゴムゴムのギガント･ライフル, Gomu Gomu no Giganto Raifuru; literally meaning "Giant Rotating Bullet of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy activates Gear Third to expand one of his arms and then use it to launch a giant version of the original Gum-Gum Rifle at a target with greater power, drilling hard into the unfortunate target. This attack is strong enough to destroy the heavily-armored Pacifista, and was first seen being used to defeat PX-4 on the Sabaody Archipelago. The fist produced in this attack is approximately the same size as the entire body of the giant Luffy uses it to defeat. Unlike the variations of Jet Rifle, this version of the attack is written in kanji like the original base version; the literal kanji reading is "Kyodai Kaitendan/Kaitendama".


 * Gum-Gum Giant Stamp (ゴムゴムのギガント･スタンプ, Gomu Gomu no Giganto Sutampu; literally also meaning "Giant Stamp of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy activates Gear Third and expands his foot to deliver a giant version of Gum-Gum Stamp with greater force. Incidentally, this was first used in conjunction with Mr. 3's Giant Candle Wall to push it back. This was first seen being used against Magellan in Impel Down.


 * Gum-Gum Giant Balloon (ゴムゴムのギガント･, Gomu Gomu no Giganto Fūsen; literally meaning "Giant Balloon of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy activates Gear Third and expands his torso to create a giant version of his traditional Gum-Gum Balloon, with a much sturdier defense. This move was strong enough to cushion the impact from a massive adversary and was first used to protect Ace and Mr. 3 from a punch of Sengoku in his giant form. The literal kanji reading is "Kyodai no Fuusen".


 * Gum-Gum Giant Gatling (ゴムゴムのギガント･ガトリング, Gomu Gomu no Giganto Gaturingu; literally meaning "Giant Gun Battering of the Gum-Gum"): Luffy activates Gear Third and expands both his fists to deliver a giant version of his powerful Gum-Gum Gatling technique. This was first seen being used during the final fight against Akainu to deliver the final blow. The kanji's literal reading is "Kyodai no Juuranda".

Gear Fourth

 * Main article: Gear Fourth

Gear Fourth (ギア･フォース, Gia Fōsu) is a technique which Luffy developed during the 2-year time skip when he fought giant creatures on Rusukaina. He first coats both of his arms in Armament Haki and then bites into his forearm. Similar to how he activates Gear Third, he blows an incredible amount of air into his body, but this time he inflates his muscular structure.

In this form, his body's proportions become warped and is much larger in size, with his arms, upper torso, and legs coated in Armament Haki. The coating across his torso resemble the wispy ends made from flames, and he also gains shading around the inner and outer edges of his eyes.

As a side-effect he is incapable of standing still on the ground, and instead constantly bounces on the spot. His physical strength and speed are increased to the point where he is able to overwhelm Don Quixote Doflamingo, whereas beforehand both techniques Gear Second and Gear Third were ineffective in the fight.

It also shows a versatile side of the Gum-Gum Fruit when using the elasticity to achieve a form of pseudo-flight and changing the direction of his attacks mid-strike to hit a moving opponent, strengthening his attacks in a similar manner to the Spring-Spring Fruit by compressing his arms and legs like springs. This form, much like Gear Second, seems to utilize the principles of Six Powers. It possesses both high speed movement reminiscent of Shave and the ability to kick off the air, similar to Moonwalk, creatively adapted to work even better with his body's elasticity, not just bouncing off the air but allowing punches and attacks to bounce off his own body.

According to Doflamingo, the power of his attacks increases greatly in this form. His durability is also vastly enhanced, as his body remains completely rubbery despite of being coated in Armament Haki, as a result Doflamingo's immensely strong kicks simply bounce off of his body.

Another side-effect is its limit to how long Luffy can keep Gear Fourth active, as noted by both Luffy himself and Doflamingo. Once Gear Fourth reaches the limit, it automatically deactivates and Luffy is left exhausted, barely able to move as Haki originates from the user's inner strength or life force. He is also left unable to use Haki for ten minutes after using this technique. Even afterwards, Gear Fourth is extremely taxing on Luffy's body and stamina; after regaining his Haki from using Gear Fourth once, he barely had enough strength left to fight back, and using it briefly for a second time shortly after rendered him unconscious.

Gear Fourth uses a lot of Luffy's stamina and would cause him to burn calories a lot faster than normal. After using it while fat from eating several lifetime's supply of biscuits, Luffy started to shrink back to his normal size due to the immense calorie usage.

Techniques
The named techniques that are used by Luffy that involve this Gear are as follows:
 * Muscle Balloon (筋肉風船, Kin'niku Fūsen; literally meaning "Muscle Balloon"): By coating his arm in Armament Haki and biting into his forearm, Luffy is able to blow a large quantity of air into his body and inflate his muscular structure, with the air blown into his arm spreading out to the rest of his upper body. In this form, his durability is enhanced to the point where a Armament Haki enhanced kick from Don Quixote Doflamingo, a Warlord, bounced back harmlessly, due to his body retaining its rubber properties despite being coated in Haki.

Boundman

 * Gum-Gum Kong Gun (ゴムゴムのコングガン, Gomu Gomu no Kongu Gan; literally meaning "Monkey King Gun of the Gum-Gum"): The Gear Fourth version of Gum-Gum Pistol. After compressing his fist into his enlarged forearm (and making it look just like the barrel of an actual cannon), Luffy immediately unleashes a devastating short-range punch with massive power. This technique had enough strength to break through Doflamingo's own Haki-enhanced defense and hurl the Warlord all the way from Dressrosa's palace to the middle of the city. This technique is drastically more powerful than anything Luffy has utilized in Gear Second or Third, best demonstrated when he was completely unable to harm the 860,000,000 berry bounty Charlotte Cracker with Hawk Gatling or Elephant Gun- having them blocked and deflected by his shields- but sent him reeling with a Kong Gun while also easily shattering the shields. "Kong" refers to King Kong, the titular gigantic gorilla from the film of the same name.


 * Gum-Gum Rhino Schneider (ゴムゴムのリノシュナイダー, Gomu Gomu no Rino Shunaidā; literally meaning "Rhinoceros Howitzer of the Gum-Gum"): The Gear Fourth version of Gum-Gum Spear. After compressing both legs into his body, Luffy delivers a double flying kick. It has enough power to send the opponent crashing through dozens of buildings and across a town center. This was first used as a surprise attack against Doflamingo. A howitzer is a type of short-barreled artillery cannon, and "Schneider" refers to the Canon de 155 C modèle 1917 Schneider, a howitzer used by several countries during World War I.


 * Gum-Gum Culverin (ゴムゴムのカルヴァリン, Gomu Gomu no Karuvarin; literally meaning "Great Serpent Cannon of the Gum-Gum"): The Gear Fourth version of Gum Hook. Luffy delivers a punch like a regular Gum-Gum Pistol, but if it is dodged, he can redirect his punch an unspecified number of times, without losing momentum, to still land with tremendous force. In addition, this punch does not need to retract back to his body right after being "fired" as that of the regular Gum-Gum Pistol does. Luffy refers to his stretching arm as Python (パイソン, Paison; literally meaning "Serpent"). A culverin is a relatively simple firearm, ancestor of the musket and cannon.


 * Gum-Gum Double Culverin (ゴムゴムのダブルカルヴァリン, Gomu Gomu no Daburu Karuvarin; literally meaning "Double Great Serpent Cannon of the Gum-Gum"): The Gear Fourth version of Gum-Gum Twin Pistol. Luffy pulls back his arms before punching his opponent with them. This was first used against Doflamingo, but was countered by his Offwhite.


 * Gum-Gum Leo Bazooka (ゴムゴムのレオ・バズーカ, Gomu Gomu no Reo Bazūka; literally meaning "Lion Bazooka of the Gum-Gum"): The Gear Fourth version of Gum-Gum Bazooka. After retracting both of his fists into his arms, Luffy "fires" them at his opponent with a double open-palm strike. This was first used while airborne against Doflamingo, and its power sent him flying over Dressrosa and caused him to create an enormous crater when he slammed into the side of the King's Plateau.


 * Gum-Gum King Kong Gun (ゴムゴムのキングコングガン, Gomu Gomu no Kingu Kongu Gan; literally meaning "Great Monkey King Gun of the Gum-Gum"): The Gear Fourth version of Gum-Gum Giant Pistol and Gum-Gum Elephant Gun, and one of the most powerful techniques Luffy has ever utilized in any form. After Luffy compresses his fist, like he does for Kong Gun, he blows a large amount of air into his arm, drastically increasing its size, then unleashes it for a devastating blow. This was first being used to defeat Doflamingo, and was powerful enough to break through the Warlord's Spider's Web and God Thread techniques simultaneously, while still maintaining enough momentum to send him flying into the city below with enough force to completely level the town and cause the ground to fold in on itself. Using this technique causes the Haki patterns on Luffy's back to expand and cover his entire back with thicker patterns.


 * Gum-Gum Kong Organ (ゴムゴムのコングオルガン, Gomu Gomu no Kongu Orugan; literally meaning "Monkey King Murder of Crows Cannon of the Gum-Gum"): The Gear Fourth version of Gum-Gum Gatling and rapid-fire version of Kong Gun. After compressing both fists into his arms, Luffy moves his arms horizontally in a rapid fashion before releasing a flurry of heavy punches. This was first used against Cracker's Biscuit Soldiers, and each individual punch was powerful enough to smash through a biscuit shield.


 * Gum-Gum Leo Rex Bazooka (ゴムゴムのレオレックス・バズーカ, Gomu Gomu no Reo Rekkusu Bazūka; literally meaning "Lion King Bazooka of the Gum-Gum"): This is the Gear Fourth version of Gum-Gum Giant Bazooka and Gum-Gum Grizzly Magnum. Before Luffy compresses his fists like he does for Leo Bazooka, he blows a large amount of air into his arms, drastically increasing their size, then unleashes it for a devastating blow, similar to King Kong Gun. This was first used to defeat Guild Tesoro.

Tankman: Full Version

 * Gum-Gum Cannonball (ゴムゴムのキャノンボール, Gomu Gomu no Kyanonbōru; literally meaning "Cannonball of the Gum-Gum"): After trapping an enemy within him by compressing and withdrawing his stomach, Luffy launches them forward and into the air with incredible power and speed. This technique was first used to defeat Charlotte Cracker, who, when launched, plowed through several of his immensely hard Biscuit Soldiers and was sent flying far away. This attack is similar to Luffy's Gum-Gum Fire Salute, only much stronger.

Haki

 * Main article: Haki

Shortly before the two year time skip, Luffy had awakened the ability known as "Haki" and is one of the few known people able to use all three types. Luffy was identified to possess this mysterious ability by Blackbeard after their first encounter in Jaya. He first showed the ability to use it when he knocked out Duval's steed, Motobaro, without actually hitting him. Since then, he showed increased but irregular usage of it, with very little to no control, as the series went on. While breaking out of Impel Down after Ace was sent away to the Marine Headquarters, Luffy ran into an intruding Blackbeard, who noted that Luffy's Haki increased since their first meeting at Jaya. The fourth time Luffy released his Haki was at Marineford, when he saw Ace about to be executed. It was then that Ace and the Marines learned of his possession of Conqueror's Haki. This made him even more threatening to the government, although he was already threatening enough without it.

After the Marineford War, Luffy decided to train with Silvers Rayleigh. Luffy managed to learn the basics of Haki within a year and a half, even though Rayleigh had intended to spend the entire two years teaching him. Since reuniting with his crew, Luffy has been shown to consciously, actively, and easily use Haki in combat. It should be noted that Luffy possesses what is considered to be a large amount of Haki.

Observation Haki
Luffy first instinctively used Observation Haki during the war at Marineford when he was about to attack Dracule Mihawk, but then stopped himself after predicting his hands being chopped off had he continued the attack. Since training with Silvers Rayleigh, Luffy has gained incredible proficiency in Observation Haki, allowing him to tell what an opponent intends to do. He was able to effortlessly dodge a bullet shot at point-blank range by Demalo Black as well as laser projectiles fired by a Pacifista, commenting that the last attack was "too slow". His great proficiency with this skill is truly shown when he was able to completely avoid Hordy Jones' Shark Arrows without effort. He also managed to evade albeit barely a majority of Katakuri's trident strikes despite the latter being an extremely skilled Observation Master who used precognition to increased the accuracy of his attacks, which Katakuri noted to be rare among his enemies.

Luffy also displayed being able to discern Caribou's presence within the Ryugu Palace, even asking if Zoro and Sanji can sense it too. At Punk Hazard, he was able to sense the Yeti Cool Brothers attacking Chopper and Nami. He was able to sense that Rebecca had no true killing intention towards him even when she was attacking him. During the Corrida Colosseum Block C battle royale, he was able to successfully dodge all the weapons Jean Ango threw at him at high speed. He can also use the ability to measure the strength of an individual as seen when he complimented Duke Dogstorm's superior strength at a glance.

After pushing his Observation Haki to its peak during his fight against Katakuri, Luffy gained the ability to see into the future to a limited extent. Katakuri himself even noticed that Luffy's level of Observation Haki was reaching his own.

Armament Haki
Luffy has gained an extremely high mastery of Armament Haki, which has been shown to darken his body (or parts of it) and harden it. This is first shown being used when he easily defeated a Pacifista with a single Haki imbued punch used in conjunction with his Gear Second. He is also able to use his Gear Third in conjunction with his Armament Haki, being capable of knocking out a giant beast such as the Kraken easily, despite the great disadvantage of being under water (where his power was considerably weaker).

Another demonstration of Luffy's Armament Haki is during his fight with Hody Jones, where he was able to harden his arm, leg, and forehead for both strong offensive and defensive measures. The defense of his Armament Haki, however, is not absolute; while it is good for reinforcing his near immunity against blunt attacks, it is not strong enough to defend against sharp objects, such as swords, Hody Jones' shark teeth or Doflamingo's strings, if enough force is applied to the strike. Regardless, a small amount of Luffy's Haki used on his forehead was strong enough to shatter Rebecca's sword on impact when she was forced by Doflamingo to attack Viola.

After the air bubble was produced and merged with Noah, Luffy used Armament Haki combined with Gear Second to perform "Gum-Gum Red Hawk", which causes his fist to ignite into flames and create an explosion after it hits the target.

During his fight with Bellamy, Luffy endured the latter's Haki-imbued and spring leg-enhanced punches by strengthening his abs with the Armament Haki. Though his body took some damage, Luffy was able to withstand Bellamy's attacks and eventually defeat him.

When his Armament Haki is further compressed and focused in his Boundman and Tankman form, his Haki is fortified to the point that powerful Armament masters such as Doflamingo, Cracker, and Katakuri could not fully defend against his attacks.

Luffy was later seen being able to knock back a Logia user like Caribou at considerable distance, something he was never able to do before the timeskip, without exploiting the Logia Fruit's weakness. He was also able to grab Smoker's arm in its smoke state as if it was solid, and was also able to hold Caesar Clown in his partial Logia state.

Techniques

 * Armament: Hardening (武装色 硬化, Busō-shoku: Kōka): Luffy uses Armament Haki to harden his body (or parts of it). It was used for the first time against the Kraken in conjunction with Gear Third to harden his enlarged arm to the point of it attaining a completely dark and shiny appearance, in order to use his "Gum-Gum Elephant Gun".


 * Head: Hardening (頭 硬化, Atama: Kōka): Luffy imbues his forehead with Armament Haki to harden it. This is first used in preparation for a "Gum-Gum Bell" against the Iron Shell Squadron.


 * Gear Second: Hardening (ギア・セカンド 硬化, Gia Sekando Kōka): Luffy imbues his fist with Armament Haki while under the effect of Gear Second to harden it, which also seems to have the added effect of igniting it. It was first used in preparation for "Gum-Gum Red Hawk" against Hordy Jones.

Conqueror's Haki
Luffy is able to use Conqueror's Haki, a type of Haki possessed only by one in a million people. Luffy used this ability several times in the series, as it was the type of Haki that manifested the earliest.

The first time Luffy was identified to have possessed this type of Haki was when he stopped Boa Sandersonia from smashing a petrified Margaret, although he first showed possession of this type of Haki when he scared off Duval's bison steed, Motobaro.

When he protected Bentham from being attacked by wolves back at Impel Down (Level 5), Luffy released his Haki unconsciously. During the war at Marineford, he also used another burst of Conqueror's Haki when he saw Ace about to be executed, which knocked out a lot of individuals, both Marines and Pirates. This made it clear that Luffy, setting aside his identity as the revolutionary Dragon's son, is also a serious threat as a pirate just by possessing Conqueror's Haki.

Before training under Rayleigh, Luffy displayed limited to no control over this ability, and did not seem to realize he had it, but used it on instinct whenever it seemed to be most needed, and could still use it even when extremely injured.

With this training, Luffy has demonstrated the ability to focus his Conqueror's Haki, knocking out a small group with a quick glare without affecting anyone else. A possibility of Luffy's Conqueror's Haki is that he can tame large animals as he was capable of taming all the animals of Rusukaina Island, and tame the Kraken, which he did with great success in a very short time. Up until the fight with the New Fish-Man Pirates, Luffy has only used Conqueror's Haki when he needs to get people out of the way with minimum damage. The true extent of Luffy's Haki is seen when he knocks out 50,000 of Hordy Jones' men. During his fight with Chinjao during the Corrida Colosseum tournament, the two unleashed a powerful wave of Conqueror's Haki when they clashed fists. While preventing Doflamingo from killing Law, both Luffy and Doflamingo used their Conqueror's Haki, which blew away a wounded Law and caught the attention of many as it caused damage to the area. This Haki has become Luffy's specialty.

Strength level

 * Knocked out a sea monster with one punch.
 * Destroyed Arlong's Park.
 * Can punch through layers of bedrock.
 * Toppled a building.
 * Pushed two skyscrapers apart with his shoulder.
 * Picked up a giant ball of solid gold.
 * Sent a man flying towards a mountain with the force to destroy it with one punch.
 * Shattered steel with his bare hands.
 * Threw a giant over his shoulder.
 * Easily smash through armor that not even cannonballs from battleships can damage it.
 * Destroyed half of Noah, an extremely durable ship about half the size of an island, and would've completely destroyed it if not for the Sea Kings' intervention.
 * Toppled the Tower of Justice with two Gear Second attacks.
 * In Gear Third, his punches can easily destroy buildings and ships.
 * Sent Doflamingo through several buildings with one blow in Gear Fourth.
 * Broke Doflamingo's strings with Boundman.
 * One-shotted Hajrudin, who can withstand a 10,000 ton attack dropped on him.
 * Managed toi break a haki-imbued Chinjao's head, which is strong enough to break open a continental ince sheet with a headbutt.
 * Knocked out Cracker, who's Armament Haki is stronger than Doflamingo's, with one Gum-Gum Kong Gun.
 * With Gum-Gum King Kong Gun, can send a man flying with the force to level a city, break it in half, and send both halves into the air.

Speed

 * Moves faster than the eye can track.
 * Can dodge bullets and cannon fire at point-blank range.
 * Reacted to Enel's lightning form.
 * Dodged a point-blank explosion.
 * Runs so fast the ground catches on fire.
 * Moved too fast for Doflamingo to track.
 * In Gear Second, can dodge laser beams.
 * Dodged a point-blank Bullet String with Boundman.

Durability

 * Blunt force attacks, gunfire, and cannonballs bounce right off him.
 * Tanked blows from some of the strongest pirates in the Grand Line.
 * Survived a punch that cracked an island in half.
 * Tanked getting knocked through buildings.
 * Tanks explosions powerful enough to destroy boulders.
 * Tanked a cutting attack that are strong enough to cut through buildings.
 * Tankman was able to easily block hits strong enough to nearly pierce Boundman.
 * Took an attack from Hajrudin, a gaint strong enough to send a 10,000 ton weight into the sky with just a punch.

Skill

 * Invented his own fighting style to compliment his Devil Fruit.
 * Defeated many powerful pirates across the East Blue and Grand Line.
 * Learned Shave after seeing it used once.
 * Disbanded Baroque Works by defeating their leader, Crocodile.
 * Beat Foxy the Silver Fox in a Davy Back Fight.
 * Defeated several of the Shichibukai.
 * Defeated Doflamingo.
 * Infiltrated Impel Down and made it back out.
 * Just saying his name in a room full of trained warriors sent everyone into a panic.

Simple Mindedness
He is heavily susceptible to any form of hypnotism and does not have the sense to turn away, such as Jango's powers of hypnosis or Ms. Goldenweek's Colors Trap. He is also easily distracted when he sees something that's "just too cool", like seeing Chopper's transformations for the first time, the Thousand Sunny's Gaon Cannon, an energy beam from a Pacifista, his wax armor made from Mr.3's Wax-Wax Fruit powers, the Iron Pirate "Franky Shogun", and Bege' Castle Fortress while practically ignoring everything around him.

Another of Luffy's gags is his inability to do chores. Luffy is a disaster when it comes to doing simple errands, as shown when he was a chore boy in Baratie. Everything he tried to do or help with only ended up worse. It got to the point where Zeff gladly allowed him to go after defeating Don Krieg, claiming the damage Luffy could inflict if he stays would probably put his restaurant out of business. Even a simple errand like purchasing water ends up with him being chased by the Marines. In fact, it has come to the point where Luffy has to have a chaperone even if he is only going to explore so as not to cause trouble, or do anything stupid, and even then it is not guaranteed that he will not.

He also shows the inability to recognize people in poor disguises such as with Foxy, Sogeking, and some of the Fake Straw Hat Crew. After the time-skip, this seems to fade away as he immediately recognized Caesar Clown while he was posing as Gastino, but Luffy was almost easily convinced otherwise until Nami pointed out that he was right.

Even though Luffy is a sailor and the captain of his ship, he has no sense of direction. He believes that if one is to go north, he has to head in a "cold-ish" direction. As a result of this, coupled with his ability to get stuck in certain situations, he tends to arrive barely in time to fight his opponent.

Despite his immense strength, Luffy's abilities are heavily influenced by his mental state and willpower. If Luffy has a clear goal and is reinforced with confidence, his strength is unimaginable, capable of splitting towns and wiping out opponents with ease using pure brute force. However, if his confidence is shaken, and he is unsure of what is going on, Luffy strength is severely affected, and is incapable of putting a true fight. This is best displayed between his first and second battle with Rob Lucci. During his first fight at Water 7, Luffy, being unsure of the circumstances, and met with Robin's refusal, was barely able to do anything, even against an untransformed Lucci, let alone Blueno. But during their second round in Enies Lobby, after gaining a full understanding of the circumstances, and reaffirming his resolve, Luffy was capable of giving a Lucci a run for his money even before activating his new Gears.

Artistic Skill
Another running gag in the series is Luffy's utter lack of artistic ability. At the start of the Arlong Park Arc, imagining how a fish-man would look, Luffy drew a fish with tentacle-like paws and an anthropomorphic fish with arms, legs and hair (greatly incensing Sanji, who erroneously thought that Nami could be a mermaid and thus mistakenly believed that Luffy was drawing her ugly). Before the Straw Hats arrived at Water 7, Luffy drew a childish picture of what he wanted the future shipwright to look like (coincidentally, it resembled Franky). This lack of skill also extends to Jolly Rogers; the first Jolly Roger of the Straw Hat Pirates was a bad drawing designed by Luffy himself (he later used a similarly bad drawn version of his Jolly Roger as a promise marker on the face of Laboon) while also drawing a bad version of Foxy's flag after taking it from him in the Long Ring Long Land Arc.

Luck
Though not a skill or ability, Luffy is said to have incredible luck. His luck is so great that people around him, like Smoker, Ivankov, Elder Nyon, and even his own crew think that they were miracles, or even divine intervention, though in most cases it has to do with his incredible willpower. Examples are: However, Luffy's luck has not always held, most notably when he is using Gears. When using Gear Third for the first time against Rob Lucci, Luffy failed to defeat him before Gear Third ended, and Lucci was able to take advantage of his weakened form to do major damage and would have been killed by him if not for Luffy manage to fracture his leg with Gear Third. The same thing happened when using Gear Fourth for the first time against Donquixote Doflamingo, but the after effects were longer, leaving it up to several gladiators to protect him from certain death.
 * Surviving the execution done by Buggy and managing to escape the Marines led by Smoker in Loguetown thanks to the intervention of his father and a freak storm.
 * Surviving two defeats by Crocodile, the second one being incredibly lucky because the desperate water blast he spat upwards as Mizu Luffy when Crocodile grabbed him by the throat (which Crocodile dodged before drying Luffy's body with his Sand-Sand Fruit powers) eventually landed back and rehydrated him to save his life.
 * Escaping the Marine blockade let by "Black Cage" Hina at Alabasta due to Bentham and his crew acting as decoys.
 * Picking out a regular in a basket full of random apples;
 * Able to survive powerful blows from Foxy's attacks and his Gorilla Puncher 13.
 * Defeating Rob Lucci in battle, through both sheer willpower and his unbelievable endurance.
 * Managing to beat Gecko Moria just before the sun rises, making him cough up all the shadows he stole in time.
 * Accidentally making the man-hating Boa Hancock fall in love with him.
 * Having the willpower to survive Magellan's poison and recover from it through pure strength of will and some hormone enhancement, when it was said there was not even a shred of hope that he would survive, and that even antidotes were out of the question.
 * Breaking into and out of Impel Down with the help of former enemies and new allies.
 * Participating in the Battle of Marineford and surviving.
 * Being poisoned by Hyouzou only to discover he developed strong resistances to even the deadliest of poisons due to his fight with Magellan.
 * Finding someone else to inherit Ace's power before escaping the Corrida Colosseum.
 * Avoided being killed and having his Devil Fruit stolen by Jesus Burgess due to the intervention of his brother, Sabo.
 * Defeating Don Quixote Doflamingo before the Birdcage kills everyone, with his victory being very lucky as after his Gear Fourth wore off, he needed ten minutes to regain his Haki and had not several gladiators held off Doflamingo and the Birdcage, Luffy would have never defeated him.
 * Encountering Vinsmoke Reiju right after he consumed an immensely venomous fish, as she is capable of removing poison from people's bodies.
 * Being freed from the imprisonment of the Big Mom Pirates by the timely arrival of Jimbei.
 * Narrowly avoiding execution by Big Momas the bomb that the Minister of the Right planted inside the Tamatebako, which Luffy previously gave away to the Big Mom Pirates, exploded and caused the collapse of the Whole Cake Chateau.
 * He escaped from a fight with Charlotte Katakuri by using the latter's sister to escape the Mirro-World while leaving his foe stranded.
 * After defeating Katakuri, he escaped the Mirro-World after Pekoms kidnapped Brûlée and helped him long enough for Sanji to retrieve him.
 * While being carried by Sanji, he escaped the enraged Big Mom Pirates due to the help from Germa 66.
 * He and his crew escaped the Big Mom Pirates and their territory due to the interventions from the Germa Kingdom and the Sun Pirates.
 * In Wano, Luffy could carry Nidai Kitetsu, one of the infamous cursed Kitetsu Swords without any dangers or misfortunes like Zoro.

The Voice of All Things

 * Main article: Voice of All Things

Though it's never been stated, Luffy seems to be able to hear the voices of creatures. During the Warship Island Arc, he claims to sort of hear the voice of Ryu the dragon (though, this is non-canon). It is mentioned a second time during the Fish-Man Island Arc when the Sea Kings come to save Noah. One of them thinks Luffy hears their voice, causing them to think back to a young Gol D. Roger, who also heard them in his journey in the depths of the sea. Additionally, Luffy–along with Kozuki Momonosuke–was one of the only two people on Zou able to hear the calling voice of the elephant Zunisha, while it was being attacked by Jack. Pedro further affirmed that this ability to hear the Voice of All Things was shared by Gol D. Roger and Kozuki Oden.

Another one of Luffy's amazing skills is his capability to tame and/or befriend creatures in a very short amount of time. Several examples are:
 * During the Drum Island Arc, after saving the life of a parent Lapahn that was buried underneath the snow from the avalanche they caused, the Lapahns repaid the favor by holding off Wapol and his minions Chess and Kuromarimo for as long as they could so Luffy could get up the mountain.
 * During the Alabasta Arc, he was able to befriend the Kung-Fu Dugongs.
 * During the Thriller Bark Arc, he was able to tame the Cerberus.
 * Prior to the Return to Sabaody Arc, he was able to tame all the animals on Rusukaina.
 * During the Fish-Man Island Arc, he was able to tame and name a Kraken (Surume).
 * During the fight at Corrida Colosseum, he was able to tame and name the Fighting Bull (Ucy).

Gluttony
Luffy is extremely gluttonous with an immense appetite, to the point that the thought of being able to eat delicious food can actually become a driving force and determination that can actually make him stronger than he usually is. The nature of his body allows him to eat absurdly large quantities of food. Despite his body becoming profoundly fat when he eats a great amount of food, he is compensated by an immensely fast metabolism that reverts him to his normal slim physique in a short period of time. Even running for a few minutes can slim him down back to his fit form even quicker.

In Thriller Bark, after Moriah's zombies completely plundered the Straw Hat Pirates of their food supply, Luffy became extremely enraged at Moriah for stealing their food and was able to defeat numerous zombies with immense ease. Several of Luffy's feats of greatness are related to food. When food was involved, he was able to instantly calculate the number of meals he missed while sleeping for 3 days after his fight with Crocodile. Since Luffy hated missing meals, he developed a skill that allowed him to eat while sleeping, which was first shown after the incident at Enies Lobby.

After being poisoned by Magellan and surviving Emporio Ivankov's healing hormone, Luffy was left in an incredibly emaciated state where he was just skin and bones, but was able to eat several days' worth of food and instantly return to normal size with his muscle mass restored, similar to the Life Return: Shoka Kyushi technique used by CP9 member Kumadori. Luffy is also able to instantly regain his strength by eating after a battle, as seen when he ate two pieces of meat after using Gear Second to defeat Blueno wore him out. Luffy was able to use this to his advantage while fighting Cracker; by eating his biscuit soldiers as a food source, Luffy was able to keep his strength up to continue fighting against Cracker for 11 hours. He also later used his gluttony to escape Katakuri's Kagami Mirror technique, an attack that supposedly suffocates its victims under a large pile of mochi. From his gluttony, Luffy has an extremely sharp sense of smell., able to smell food from far distances. While in the Ryuguu Palace, Luffy could detect the scent of the meal served to Shirahoshi from inside the Hard-Shell Tower. He also correctly figured out Katakuri having donuts for snacks inside the Mochi Shrine.

While Luffy enjoys eating large sums of food, he is terrible in handling and preparing it. His extreme appetite led him to constantly steal food from the fridge prior to the installed lock on the Thousand Sunny, leading to heavy depletion of provisions for extended sailing. He has nearly no culinary skills, as when he created his "Random Curry", he squandered the ship's entire week's worth of rations due to repeated mistakes, and the end result was a huge pot of inedible substance that tasted so horrible that the gluttonous Luffy himself called it disgusting and also led the people on board to badly starve as a result. Ultimately, this led to Nami to take over with the cooking (for free) and she viciously made it clear that he was never to help out in the kitchen again. Nonetheless, due to the intense survival training of his youth, Luffy is capable of roasting meat, and has limited knowledge on edible flora as seen when left alone on Amazon Lily and Rusukaina.

Parasomnia
Luffy was shown symptoms of parasomnia, being active while sleeping.

NSRED
Luffy, while completely asleep, eats as if he were awake, and even knows when more food has been placed on the table. This is probably purely based on muscle memory since what Luffy does best is fighting and eating. It's been shown on several occasions that meat may act as more of a power source than simply a favorite food for Luffy, as whenever he becomes exhausted or tired from a fierce battle, he simply eats some meat and he's back in fighting condition again. According to Nami, Luffy uses three times more energy than a normal human being, which can cause him to exhaust faster than a normal human in some occasions.

Empathy and Cooperativeness
According to Dracule Mihawk, Luffy has the most dangerous ability in the world: that of turning anyone around him into his ally, including former enemies. Luffy's charisma has earned him many powerful friends and allies in times of need, allowing him to escape the tightest situations. In a conversation between Ace and Vivi, it is shown that Ace is somewhat aware of this ability, as he mentions that Luffy has a strange charm that causes people to gather around him. Indeed, this ability has saved him on several occasions. When any plan or his own personal strength has failed, he was able to gather unlikely allies in his moment of need.

His charm is great enough that he earned the respect of Whitebeard after talking with him for a few seconds. Later on, he earned his complete faith after Whitebeard witnessed Luffy's true potential to save Ace as Whitebeard ordered his crew and allies to back up Luffy. He was also able to make Chinjao, a man who hated his grandfather for thirty years and extended his hatred to his descendants, into an ally that is willing to have his grandsons and the Happo Navy work for him because he restored his head to its old shape. After the conflict on Dressrosa, several crews of those who sided with Luffy pledged their loyalty to him and created the Straw Hat Grand Fleet. With this large army, Luffy has now gained the means to have several allies in his time of danger.

Infamous Reputation
One of Luffy's greatest advantages was that people actually tend to underestimate him. Either due to his bounty, his actions, or their own arrogance, his opponents usually took him lightly before discovering Luffy's great strength and determination. Because he was underestimated, his opponents (including the Seven Warlords of the Sea) tend to let their guards down, allowing Luffy to gradually learn and adapt his fighting style accordingly. However, after the global revelation of his heritage and his actions, this advantage fades away, as people take his threat seriously based on the third-hand information.

During the two-year absence, with his bounty raised, he earned an infamous reputation which was taken advantage of by Demalo Black to bring fear to the hearts of people in Saboady Archipelago as well as recruit powerful members. His reputation is high enough to be noted by New World Pirates, as some were shocked when they found out that Caesar had captured him. During the Corrida Colosseum tournament in Dressrosa, several contestants express fear over his presence, even Bartolomeo who had casually won the B Block.

During the Whole Cake Island Arc, Big Mom felt the need to send Cracker, a Sweet Commander and one of her most powerful children, after him, showing that she views him as a threat to some degree. Indeed, Luffy's threat level caused Charlotte Katakuri, another one of Big Mom's Sweet Commanders and an infamous pirate worth 1,057,000,000, to prioritize the elimination of Luffy before he can become a true threat to Big Mom. Katakuri was well aware of Luffy's potential as he didn't want to miss the chance to ambush Luffy and his crew when he considered the possibility that they may escape from Big Mom.

Despite having multiple advantages against Luffy during their fights, Katakuri saw Luffy's potential as a future threat. Initially, Katakuri hardly saw Luffy as an actual threat to him and only saw him as a foolish annoyance and an obstacle. However, as time went on and as Luffy began to figure out his weakness, Katakuri began to take Luffy more seriously, seeing how it was possible that Luffy managed to defeat Cracker and became determined to end their fight as quickly as possible, using his awakened Devil Fruit powers to do so. When Luffy returned to the Mirro-World to finish their fight, Katakuri was at first confused as to why he wanted to continue fighting knowing how hopeless his odds at victory were. After seeing Luffy slowly develop the same ability to see into the future as him as well as his will to win and his ability to keep getting back up even after being brutally beaten, Katakuri began to view him as a genuine opponent and even an equal, so much so that Katakuri not only injured himself to make the fight fairer but also apologized to Luffy for Flampe's earlier interference in their fight. Once Luffy develops his future sight enough, he unveiled a new Gear Fourth form called Snakeman, and after a number of fierce clashes of moves, he managed to obtain victory.

Ultimately, though his capabilities were slightly exaggerated by the press, the fleet that unofficially formed under him, the infiltration operation into Big Mom's territory, Totto Land, where he defeated two of the Sweet Commanders, attempted (though failed) an assassination on Charlotte Linlin herself and created a prompt alliance with the Germa 66, Sun Pirates, and Fire Tank Pirates before escaping were all great enough for him to be unofficially titled the "Fifth Emperor".

Resistance to Poison
He has also gained very powerful antitoxins in his blood stream from his fight with Magellan in Impel Down, which further combines with his extremely strong healing metabolism, granting Luffy an incredibly high resistance against poison. Hyouzou, a poisonous blue-ringed octopus merman of the New Fish-Man Pirates, poisoned Luffy during their fight and Luffy would not have taken any notice, if Chopper had not seen the entry point in his arm. The blue-ringed octopus possesses one of the real world's deadliest poisons and the fact that Luffy could shrug it off like it was nothing is a testament to the strength of his immune system. He is also able to counter against Caesar's own poisonous gases with incredible ease. He is able to completely resist the H2S (a gas that petrified people with a touch) in Caesar's enhanced form without any sign of being poisoned. However, immensely powerful poison normally capable of instant death may still be able to incapacitate him such as the dangerously toxic skin of the Armored Stonefish. While his powerful resistance to poison spared him from immediate death, it still severely debilitate him to the point of losing consciousness and on the brink of death. He would have died had Reiju not saved him.

Temperature Durability
While the Straw Hats were on their way to Fish-Man Island, he showed no discomfort in the range of temperatures given, hot or cold. He was, however, shown sweating heavily and then wearing a coat after nearly freezing on Punk Hazard.

Weaknesses

 * Can't swim: Like all Devil Fruit users, Luffy sinks like a rock in water and is unable to move while in it. Contact with the Kairoseki stone produces the same effect.
 * Bladed weapons: Since he's made of rubber, blunt force attacks do little to nothing to Luffy. However, blades and cutting tools can still hurt him.
 * Stupid: Luffy is a genius in combat, but not much else. He's naive and thinks with his fists and his stomach instead of his brain. He's also susceptible to hypnotism.
 * Gear Fourth has a time limit: Gear Fourth is the strongest of his forms, but it only lasts so long. When the time runs out, Luffy is left unable to move for a bit and can't use Haki for ten minutes.

Weapons
During his childhood, he wielded a metal pipe. At Arlong Park, Luffy briefly tried to fight Arlong with swords. At Wano Country, he borrowed the cursed sword and Meito, Nidai Kitetsu.